Supplementing Oregano Essential Oil in a Reduced-Protein Diet Improves Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility by Modulating Intestinal Bacteria, Intestinal Morphology, and Antioxidative Capacity of Growing-Finishing Pigs.
Supplementing Oregano Essential Oil in a Reduced-Protein Diet Improves Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility by Modulating Intestinal Bacteria, Intestinal Morphology, and Antioxidative Capacity of Growing-Finishing Pigs.
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在减少蛋白质饮食中补充牛至精油可通过调节肠道细菌，肠形态和生长猪的抗氧化能力来改善生长性能和营养消化率。
DOI：
10.3390/ani8090159
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发表时间：
2018-09-19
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Peng J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheng C;Xia M;Zhang X;Wang C;Jiang S;Peng J
氮污染严重，蛋白质饲料资源短缺，制约了养猪业的快速发展。因此，在生猪生产中使用添加氨基酸的低蛋白质饲粮的策略已被广泛接受。此外，抗生素生长促进剂已在养猪生产中广泛使用多年。然而，它们的大量和不受控制的使用促进了细菌的耐药性，导致对动物疾病的治疗效果降低。因此，本研究探讨了在低蛋白质、氨基酸补充的饲粮中添加牛至精油作为抗生素替代品对生长育肥猪生长性能、营养物质消化率、肠道健康和抗氧化能力的影响。由此可见，在低蛋白质饲粮中添加牛至精油可提高猪的生长性能和胴体瘦率。此外，在低蛋白饲粮中长期添加牛至精油可改善猪的肠道细菌、肠道形态和抗氧化能力。本研究为低蛋白饲粮的应用指导生长育肥猪无抗生素饲料的生产提供理论指导。本试验旨在研究在低蛋白质饲粮中添加牛至精油（OEO）对生长育肥猪生长性能、营养物质消化率、肠道细菌、肠道形态和抗氧化能力的影响。48头母驴随机分为正常蛋白质饲粮（NPD）、还原蛋白质氨基酸补充饲粮（RPD）、相同蛋白质氨基酸补充饲粮中添加金四环素（RPA）和RPD中添加OEO (RPO) 4种处理。结果表明，饲粮中添加OEO与NPD和RPD相比，提高了猪的平均日增重。RPO和npd饲猪的增重比RPD和rpa饲猪高。rpa饲猪平均日采食量增加，第10肋背膘厚度增加。饲喂RPO的猪对粗蛋白质的表观全消化道消化率（ATTD）高于饲喂其他饲粮的猪。RPD和RPA处理降低了猪回肠食糜中乳酸杆菌的计数。RPA和RPO处理回肠食糜中的大肠杆菌数量也低于NPD和RPD处理。饲粮中添加OEO可提高猪空肠绒毛高度，提高回肠和血浆总抗氧化能力。由此可见，饲粮中添加OEO可通过调节肠道菌群、肠道形态和抗氧化能力提高猪的生长性能和营养物质消化率。
Serious nitrogen pollution and shortage of protein feed resources have constrained the rapid development of the pig industry. Thus, the strategy of using a reduced-protein diet supplemented with amino acids in pig production has been widely accepted. Additionally, antibiotic growth promoters have been widely used in pig production for many years. However, their enormous and uncontrolled use has promoted bacterial resistance, leading to less effective treatment for animal diseases. Accordingly, this study investigated the effects of inclusion of oregano essential oil in a reduced-protein, amino acid-supplemented diet on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, gut health, and antioxidative capacity of growing-finishing pigs as an alternative to antibiotics. Our results suggested that adding oregano essential oil to a reduced-protein diet improved the growth performance and carcass lean percentage of pigs. In addition, long-term supplementation of oregano essential oil to a reduced-protein diet improved the intestinal bacteria, intestinal morphology, and antioxidative capacity of pigs. This study provides theoretical guidance for application of low-protein diet to guide the production of antibiotic-free feed for growing–finishing pigs. This study investigated the effects of supplementing oregano essential oil (OEO) to a reduced-protein diet on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal bacteria, intestinal morphology, and antioxidative capacity of growing-finishing pigs. Forty-eight barrows were randomly allotted to four treatments including normal-protein diet (NPD), reduced-protein, amino acid-supplemented diet (RPD), the same RPD supplemented with chlortetracycline (RPA), and RPD supplemented with OEO (RPO). The data showed that dietary OEO supplementation increased the average daily gain of pigs compared with NPD and RPD. The gain:feed in RPO- and NPD-fed pigs was higher than those in RPD- and RPA-fed pigs. Increased average daily feed intake and 10th-rib backfat thickness were detected in RPA-fed pigs. Pigs fed the RPO had higher apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of crude protein than those fed the other diets. The RPD and RPA treatments showed reduced counts of Lactobacillus spp. in ileal digesta of pigs. The RPA and RPO treatments also showed lower Escherichia coli counts in ileal digesta than the NPD and RPD treatments. Dietary OEO supplementation increased villous height of the jejunum and the ileal and plasma total antioxidative capacity of pigs. In conclusion, dietary OEO supplementation could improve the growth performance and nutrient digestibility of pigs by modulating intestinal bacteria, intestinal morphology, and antioxidative capacity.
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影响因子：
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