Smokers' beliefs about the inability to stop smoking.
Smokers' beliefs about the inability to stop smoking.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.06.013
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发表时间：
2009-12
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Hughes, John R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hughes, John R.
我们通过互联网招募了367名目前每天吸烟的人，并将他们随机分组，让他们在一个虚构的场景中对无法戒烟、无法停止问题酒精使用或无法减肥的原因进行评分。大多数吸烟者将无法戒烟归因于上瘾（88%）、习惯（88%）和压力（62%）。令人惊讶的是，相同数量的吸烟者同意和不同意无法戒烟是由于缺乏意志力或动力。大多数人不同意这是由于生物因素、拒绝、家庭/教育、遗传、精神疾病、人格问题、心理问题或性格弱点。在感知的原因之间没有发现许多预期的相关性；例如，对成瘾的认可与对意志力的认可并无负相关。大多数吸烟者支持治疗。较高的成瘾评分与支持治疗有关，较高的动机评分与支持不需要治疗有关；然而，这些关系的重要性很小。在这三个问题中，几乎所有原因的评级都各不相同；吸烟成瘾的程度比酗酒成瘾的程度高。总而言之，吸烟者似乎认为无法戒烟是多原因的；然而，他们对病因的看法与对待治疗的态度只有微弱的关系。鉴于几个意想不到的发现，对吸烟者关于吸烟者无法戒烟的概念进行定性研究是有意义的。
We recruited 367 current daily smokers via the Internet and randomized them to rate the causes of an inability to stop smoking, inability to stop problem alcohol use, or inability to lose excess weight in a fictional scenario. Most smokers attributed inability to stop smoking to addiction (88%), habit (88%) and stress (62%). Surprisingly, equal numbers of smokers agreed and disagreed that inability to stop smoking was due to lack of willpower or motivation. Most disagreed that it was due to biological factors, denial, family/upbringing, genetics, mental disease, personality problem, psychological problems, or weakness of character. Many expected correlations among perceived causes were not found; e.g. endorsement of addiction was not inversely related to endorsement of willpower. Most smokers endorsed treatment. Higher ratings of addiction were related to endorsing treatment, and higher ratings of motivation were related to endorsing no need for treatment; however, these relationships were of small magnitude. Ratings of almost all the causes varied across the three problems; e.g. ratings of addiction were greater for smoking than for problem alcohol use. In summary, smokers appear to view the inability to stop smoking as multicausal; however, their views of causes are only weakly related to attitudes towards treatment. Given the several unexpected findings, qualitative research into smokers' conceptualizations about smokers' inability to stop smoking is indicated.
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影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Flegal, KM;Carroll, MD;Johnson, CL
通讯作者：
Johnson, CL
DOI：
10.1080/14622299050011231
发表时间：
1999-06-01
期刊：
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
影响因子：
--
作者：
Perkins, K A
通讯作者：
Perkins, K A
影响因子：
6
作者：
Fagerstrom, Karl;Furberg, Helena
通讯作者：
Furberg, Helena
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Grant, BF;Dawson, DA;Pickering, RP
通讯作者：
Pickering, RP
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Balmford, James;Borland, Ron
通讯作者：
Borland, Ron