Encephalitis hospitalization rates and inpatient mortality in the United States, 2000-2010.
Encephalitis hospitalization rates and inpatient mortality in the United States, 2000-2010.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0104169
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Venkatesan A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
George BP;Schneider EB;Venkatesan A
世纪脑炎的病因和急性期结果的发病率在很大程度上是未知的。我们试图评估美国脑炎住院的病因特异率和住院死亡率的预测因素。使用2000年至2010年的全国住院患者样本（NIS），对238，567例在美国非联邦急性护理医院住院诊断为脑炎的患者（平均[SD]年龄，44.8 [24.0]岁）进行了回顾性观察性研究。住院率的计算采用国家保险系统的人口水平疾病估计值和美国人口普查局的人口估计值。计算了纳入研究的患者的校正死亡率。在美国，2000-2010年，每10万人中有7.3±0.2例脑炎住院（95% CI：7.1-7.6）。女性（每10万人中7.6±0.2人）和65岁年龄组的脑卒中住院率最高<1 year and >，分别为13.5±0.9人和14.1±0.4人。大约50%的病例病因不明。在已确定病因的患者中，病毒原因最常见（48.2%），其次是其他特定原因（32.5%），主要包括自身免疫性疾病。最常见的传染源是单纯疱疹病毒、弓形虫和西尼罗河病毒。7.7%的住院患者存在合并HIV感染。平均住院时间为11.2天，死亡率为5.6%。在回归分析中，合并HIV/AIDS或癌症的患者死亡率增加（比值比[OR]= 1.70; 95%CI：1.30-2.22和OR = 2.26; 95%CI：1.88-2.71）。 肠道病毒、感染后、中毒和其他特定原因与单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎相比，其发病率较低。虽然脑炎和脑炎相关的死亡率在21世纪的美国造成了相当大的负担，但住院脑炎患者的人口统计数据可能正在发生变化。
Encephalitis rates by etiology and acute-phase outcomes for encephalitis in the 21st century are largely unknown. We sought to evaluate cause-specific rates of encephalitis hospitalizations and predictors of inpatient mortality in the United States. Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2000 to 2010, a retrospective observational study of 238,567 patients (mean [SD] age, 44.8 [24.0] years) hospitalized within non-federal, acute care hospitals in the U.S. with a diagnosis of encephalitis was conducted. Hospitalization rates were calculated using population-level estimates of disease from the NIS and population estimates from the United States Census Bureau. Adjusted odds of mortality were calculated for patients included in the study. In the U.S. from 2000–2010, there were 7.3±0.2 encephalitis hospitalizations per 100,000 population (95% CI: 7.1–7.6). Encephalitis hospitalization rates were highest among females (7.6±0.2 per 100,000) and those <1 year and >65 years of age with rates of 13.5±0.9 and 14.1±0.4 per 100,000, respectively. Etiology was unknown for approximately 50% of cases. Among patients with identified etiology, viral causes were most common (48.2%), followed by Other Specified causes (32.5%), which included predominantly autoimmune conditions. The most common infectious agents were herpes simplex virus, toxoplasma, and West Nile virus. Comorbid HIV infection was present in 7.7% of hospitalizations. Average length of stay was 11.2 days with mortality of 5.6%. In regression analysis, patients with comorbid HIV/AIDS or cancer had increased odds of mortality (odds ratio [OR] = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.30–2.22 and OR = 2.26; 95% CI: 1.88–2.71, respectively). Enteroviral, postinfectious, toxic, and Other Specified causes were associated with lower odds vs. herpes simplex encephalitis. While encephalitis and encephalitis-related mortality impose a considerable burden in the U.S. in the 21st Century, the reported demographics of hospitalized encephalitis patients may be changing.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Barbadoro, P.;Marigliano, A.;Prospero, E.
通讯作者：
Prospero, E.
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Howitz, M.;Lambertsen, L.;Molbak, K.
通讯作者：
Molbak, K.
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Gable, Mary S.;Sheriff, Heather;Glaser, Carol A.
通讯作者：
Glaser, Carol A.
影响因子：
48
作者：
Dalmau, Josep;Gleichman, Amy J.;Hughes, Ethen G.;Rossi, Jeffrey E.;Peng, Xiaoyu;Lai, Meizan;Dessain, Scott K.;Rosenfeld, Mynna R.;Balice-Gordon, Rita;Lynch, David R.
通讯作者：
Lynch, David R.
DOI：
10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8
发表时间：
1987-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF CHRONIC DISEASES
影响因子：
--
作者：
CHARLSON, ME;POMPEI, P;MACKENZIE, CR
通讯作者：
MACKENZIE, CR