People, Pipelines, and Probabilities: Clarifying Significance and Uncertainty in Environmental Impact Assessments

People, Pipelines, and Probabilities: Clarifying Significance and Uncertainty in Environmental Impact Assessments
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人、管道和概率:澄清环境影响评估中的重要性和不确定性

DOI:
10.1111/risa.13409
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Boyd, David R.
Boyd, David R.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gregory, Robin;Satterfield, Theresa;Boyd, David R.

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重要性的确定在环境影响评价中起着关键作用,因为它使决策者注意到最值得注意和进一步研究的行动的预期影响。影响预测总是受到不确定性的影响,因为它们依赖于对未来后果的估计。然而,不确定性经常被忽视或以一种敷衍的方式对待,作为对预期结果及其重要性的表征、评估和交流的一部分。在北美建设化石燃料管道的建议就是一个非常明显的例子;对不确定性如何影响重要性确定的随意处理导致了利益相关者缺乏信息,行业支持者沮丧,以及公共决策者部分的不一致选择。以最近的管道提案的环境评估为例,我们强调了在确定影响重要性时经常忽略不确定性的五种方式,并建议将已知方法、新的指导方针和适当的监督相结合,可以极大地改进当前的实践。
Determinations of significance play a pivotal role in environmental impact assessments because they point decision makers to the predicted effects of an action most deserving of attention and further study. Impact predictions are always subject to uncertainty because they rely on estimates of future consequences. Yet uncertainty is often neglected or treated in a perfunctory manner as part of the characterization, evaluation, and communication of anticipated consequences and their significance. Proposals to construct fossil fuel pipelines in North America provide a highly visible example; casual treatment of how uncertainty affects significance determinations has resulted in poorly informed stakeholders, frustrated industry proponents, and inconsistent choices on the part of public decision makers. Using environmental assessments for recent pipeline proposals as examples, we highlight five ways in which uncertainty is often neglected when determining impact significance and suggest that a mix of known methods, new guidelines, and appropriate oversight could greatly improve current practices.
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