Crossed categorization effects on the formation of illusory correlations
Crossed categorization effects on the formation of illusory correlations
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交叉分类对虚幻相关性形成的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Hewstone
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Meiser;M. Hewstone
本研究调查刻板印象是如何形成的，以及多种分类的流行是否减少了刻板印象的形成。在单一分类和交叉分类条件下，评估了行为的可取性与社会分类的两个维度之间的虚幻相关性，这两个维度都包含多数和少数类别。在单一分类条件下，得到了有利于多数分类的通常的虚幻关联。在交叉条件下，两个多数类别的组合与其余三个组合被正向区分，而其余三个组合之间没有发现差异。一项对分配频率的来源监控分析重复了早先的发现，即虚幻的相关性是由于评估性猜测偏见，而不是对个别行为实例的记忆增强。研究结果表明，基于区别性的和基于社会分类的虚幻关联解释不一致，但可以用信息丢失来解释。版权所有©2001 John Wiley&Sons，Ltd.
This study investigates how stereotypes are formed and whether stereotype formation is reduced by the prevalence of multiple categorizations. Illusory correlations between the desirability of behaviours and two dimensions of social categorization, both containing a majority and a minority category, were assessed in single categorization and crossed categorization conditions. In the single categorization conditions, the usual illusory correlation in favour of the majority category was obtained. In the crossed condition, the combination of the two majority categories was positively discriminated from the remaining three combinations, while no differences were found among the latter. A source-monitoring analysis of assignment frequencies replicated earlier findings that illusory correlations are due to an evaluative guessing bias, rather than to enhanced memory for individual instances of behaviour. The results show inconsistencies with a distinctiveness-based and a social categorization account of illusory correlations, but they can be explained in terms of information loss. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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