Alzheimer disease.
Alzheimer disease.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.disamonth.2010.06.001
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发表时间：
2010-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Smith MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Castellani RJ;Rolston RK;Smith MA
1907年，Alois Alzheimer描述了一名51岁女性的病例，她表现为记忆力相对迅速恶化，沿着精神障碍。四年后她去世了。虽然当时已知各种进行性和致命性神经系统疾病，包括老年性痴呆，但发病年龄较早，以及一种新的病理学发现，即神经系统缠结（NFT），使这种疾病变得独特。阿尔茨海默病（AD）作为一种新的疾病分类实体的合理性，以及著名精神病学家埃米尔·克雷佩林（Emil Kraepelin）促进一种明显新的疾病的动机，仍在争论之中。尽管如此，AD在今天和当时一样，是一种伴随着标志性病理学的无情的神经系统恶化。随着时间的推移，AD根据发病年龄分为两种临床状况。阿尔茨海默病，因为它最初描述的是一个相对年轻的女性，是一个保留的术语，一种“早老性”痴呆，影响65岁以下的个体，而类似的痴呆症在老年人，即65岁以上的个体，被称为老年痴呆症的阿尔茨海默型后，汤姆林森，罗斯和Blessed的开创性研究2 -4。值得注意的是，阿尔茨海默氏症本人对这种实体与“老年痴呆症”不同的可能性持矛盾态度，尽管这些与年龄相关的分类有时仍在使用，但AD从未被证明具有双峰发病年龄。AD现在通常被认为是一种单一的实体，其患病率在65岁以后急剧增加。
In 1907, Alois Alzheimer described the case of a 51 year old woman who presented with a relatively rapidly deteriorating memory along with psychiatric disturbances. She died four years later1. While a variety of progressive and fatal neurological conditions were known at that time, including senile dementia, the early age at onset, and a new pathological finding, the neurofibrillary tangle (NFT), made this condition unique. The justification for Alzheimer disease (AD) as a new nosologic entity, and the motivations of the prominent psychiatrist, Emil Kraepelin, for promoting an evidently new condition, continue to be debated. Nevertheless, AD is today, as it was then, a relentless neurologic deterioration accompanied by hallmark pathology.Over time, AD was split into two clinical conditions depending upon the age of onset. Alzheimer disease, because of its initial description in a relatively young woman, was a term reserved for a type of “presenile” dementia affecting individuals younger than 65 years of age, whereas a similar dementia in the elderly, ie, in individuals over 65 years of age, was referred to as senile dementia of the Alzheimer-type after the pioneering studies of Tomlinson, Roth and Blessed2–4. Of historical note, Alzheimer himself was ambivalent about the possibility that this entity was distinct from “dementia senilis,” 5 and although these age-related classifications are still sometimes used, AD has never been shown to have a bi-modal age of onset. AD is now generally recognized as a single entity with a prevalence that increases sharply after age 65.
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影响因子：
17.7
作者：
Alexander, GE;Chen, K;Reiman, EM
通讯作者：
Reiman, EM
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
ALLSOP, D;IKEDA, S;GLENNER, GG
通讯作者：
GLENNER, GG
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Ball, M;Braak, H;Khachaturian, Z
通讯作者：
Khachaturian, Z
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Asuni, Ayodeji A.;Boutajangout, Allal;Sigurdsson, Einar M.
通讯作者：
Sigurdsson, Einar M.
影响因子：
4
作者：
BERRIOS, GE
通讯作者：
BERRIOS, GE