Unmasking activation of the zygotic genome using chromosomal deletions in the Drosophila embryo.
Unmasking activation of the zygotic genome using chromosomal deletions in the Drosophila embryo.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.0050117
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发表时间：
2007-05
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Wieschaus EF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Renzis S;Elemento O;Tavazoie S;Wieschaus EF
在母体到合子的转变期间，发育中的胚胎将母体mRNA的转录后调节与其自身基因组的转录激活相整合。通过将果蝇染色体切除与微阵列分析相结合，我们表征了这种整合的基础。我们表明，至少三分之一的合子活性基因的表达谱是耦合到相应的母体mRNA的伴随降解。胚胎利用转录和降解产生局部表达模式，合子转录降解不同类别的母体转录物。虽然降解似乎并不涉及一个简单的调控代码，合子基因组的激活开始于无内含子基因共享一个共同的顺式元件。该顺式元件与单一蛋白质Bicoid稳定因子相互作用，并作为能够定时外源反式激活因子活性的有效增强子。我们建议，这种监管模式的连接形态梯度与时间调节在母体到合子的过渡。胚胎发育受母体活动和合子活动之间复杂的相互作用控制。在卵子发生过程中，母体信使RNA和蛋白质沉积在未受精卵中;受精后，合子基因组的激活伴随着一部分母体提供的转录本的降解。这种从母体到合子控制发育的转变的特征在于基因表达的急剧重塑，并且代表了动物发育期间的普遍调节点。因为它通常是不可能的，以确定哪些基因组是有助于这些转录的变化，我们已经使用染色体切除，以确定母亲与合子的贡献，为每个mRNA的微阵列上检测到的果蝇胚盘。这使我们能够区分转录和转录后调节模式，并识别与不同类型转录本相关的常见顺式调节元件。我们的分析表明，虽然mRNA降解不涉及一个简单的调控代码，合子基因组的激活是基于一个简单的机制，连接形态梯度与时间调控。这将是有趣的，以解决类似的机制是否也在其他动物的运作。随着卵子发育成胚胎，母体mRNA被降解，新的基因被激活。通过在果蝇中使用染色体切除，作者描述了这种整合的基础。
During the maternal-to-zygotic transition, a developing embryo integrates post-transcriptional regulation of maternal mRNAs with transcriptional activation of its own genome. By combining chromosomal ablation in Drosophila with microarray analysis, we characterized the basis of this integration. We show that the expression profile for at least one third of zygotically active genes is coupled to the concomitant degradation of the corresponding maternal mRNAs. The embryo uses transcription and degradation to generate localized patterns of expression, and zygotic transcription to degrade distinct classes of maternal transcripts. Although degradation does not appear to involve a simple regulatory code, the activation of the zygotic genome starts from intronless genes sharing a common cis-element. This cis-element interacts with a single protein, the Bicoid stability factor, and acts as a potent enhancer capable of timing the activity of an exogenous transactivator. We propose that this regulatory mode links morphogen gradients with temporal regulation during the maternal-to-zygotic transition. Embryonic development is controlled by a complex interaction between maternal and zygotic activities. Maternal messenger RNAs and proteins are deposited in the unfertilized egg during oogenesis; after fertilization, the activation of the zygotic genome is accompanied by the degradation of a fraction of maternally supplied transcripts. This switch from maternal to zygotic control of development is characterized by a dramatic remodeling of gene expression, and represents a universal regulatory point during animal development. Because it is not usually possible to identify which genomes are contributing to these transcriptional changes, we have used chromosomal ablation to determine maternal versus zygotic contribution for each mRNA detectable on microarray in the Drosophila blastoderm. This has allowed us to distinguish transcriptional and post-transcriptional modes of regulation and to identify common cis-regulatory elements associated with different classes of transcripts. Our analysis revealed that although mRNA degradation does not involve a simple regulatory code, the activation of the zygotic genome is based on a simple mechanism, which links morphogen gradients with temporal regulation. It will be interesting to address whether similar mechanisms also operate in other animals. As the egg develops into the embryo, maternal mRNAs are degraded and new genes activated. By using chromosomal ablation inDrosophila, the authors characterized the basis of this integration.
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影响因子：
12.3
作者：
Gentleman RC;Carey VJ;Bates DM;Bolstad B;Dettling M;Dudoit S;Ellis B;Gautier L;Ge Y;Gentry J;Hornik K;Hothorn T;Huber W;Iacus S;Irizarry R;Leisch F;Li C;Maechler M;Rossini AJ;Sawitzki G;Smith C;Smyth G;Tierney L;Yang JY;Zhang J
通讯作者：
Zhang J
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
EDGAR, BA;SCHUBIGER, G
通讯作者：
SCHUBIGER, G
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Gross, SP;Guo, Y;Welte, MA
通讯作者：
Welte, MA
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Giraldez, AJ;Mishima, Y;Schier, AF
通讯作者：
Schier, AF
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Griffiths-Jones S;Grocock RJ;van Dongen S;Bateman A;Enright AJ
通讯作者：
Enright AJ