Effects of acute cortisol administration on perceptual priming of trauma-related material.
Effects of acute cortisol administration on perceptual priming of trauma-related material.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0104864
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Michael T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holz E;Lass-Hennemann J;Streb M;Pfaltz M;Michael T
侵入性记忆是创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的标志症状。它们反映了对创伤记忆的过度和不受控制的检索。众所周知，皮质醇的急剧升高会损害对已存储记忆信息的检索。因此，持续给予皮质醇可能有助于减少创伤后应激障碍的侵入性记忆。对与“创伤”环境相关的中性刺激的强烈知觉启动已被证明是导致侵入性记忆的一种重要学习机制。然而，皮质醇的记忆调节作用仅在外显的陈述性记忆过程中得到证实。因此，在我们的双盲、安慰剂对照研究中，我们旨在调查皮质醇是否影响“创伤”环境中出现的中性刺激的知觉启动。两组健康志愿者（N = 160）在电脑屏幕上观看中性或“创伤性”图片故事。中性物体出现在图片之间。 24 小时后，通过知觉启动任务和显性记忆任务测试了这些中性物体的记忆。在记忆测试之前，每组的一半参与者接受 25 毫克皮质醇，另一半接受安慰剂。在安慰剂组中，“创伤性”故事条件下的参与者比中性故事条件下的参与者对中性物体表现出更多的知觉启动效应，这表明对“创伤性”背景下呈现的中性刺激有很强的知觉启动效应。在皮质醇组中，这种效应不存在：皮质醇组中中性故事的参与者和“创伤性”故事条件下的参与者对中性物体表现出类似的启动效应。我们的研究结果表明，皮质醇会抑制“创伤”环境中出现的中性刺激的知觉启动。这些发现表明，皮质醇会影响与 PTSD 相关的记忆过程，从而进一步支持这样的观点：皮质醇的施用可能是减少侵入性重新体验的有效治疗策略。
Intrusive memories are a hallmark symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They reflect excessive and uncontrolled retrieval of the traumatic memory. Acute elevations of cortisol are known to impair the retrieval of already stored memory information. Thus, continuous cortisol administration might help in reducing intrusive memories in PTSD. Strong perceptual priming for neutral stimuli associated with a “traumatic” context has been shown to be one important learning mechanism that leads to intrusive memories. However, the memory modulating effects of cortisol have only been shown for explicit declarative memory processes. Thus, in our double blind, placebo controlled study we aimed to investigate whether cortisol influences perceptual priming of neutral stimuli that appeared in a “traumatic” context. Two groups of healthy volunteers (N = 160) watched either neutral or “traumatic” picture stories on a computer screen. Neutral objects were presented in between the pictures. Memory for these neutral objects was tested after 24 hours with a perceptual priming task and an explicit memory task. Prior to memory testing half of the participants in each group received 25 mg of cortisol, the other half received placebo. In the placebo group participants in the “traumatic” stories condition showed more perceptual priming for the neutral objects than participants in the neutral stories condition, indicating a strong perceptual priming effect for neutral stimuli presented in a “traumatic” context. In the cortisol group this effect was not present: Participants in the neutral stories and participants in the “traumatic” stories condition in the cortisol group showed comparable priming effects for the neutral objects. Our findings show that cortisol inhibits perceptual priming for neutral stimuli that appeared in a “traumatic” context. These findings indicate that cortisol influences PTSD-relevant memory processes and thus further support the idea that administration of cortisol might be an effective treatment strategy in reducing intrusive reexperiencing.
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创伤后应激障碍中侵入性记忆的维持：一种认知方法。
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Ehlers, A;Steil, R
通讯作者：
Steil, R
DOI：
10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.12.009
发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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