Binding Features and Functions of ATG3.

Binding Features and Functions of ATG3.
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DOI:
10.3389/fcell.2021.685625
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Li M
Li M
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fang D;Xie H;Hu T;Shan H;Li M

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自噬是一种进化上保守的分解代谢过程,对于维持细胞、组织和组织的动态平衡是必不可少的。自噬相关(ATG)基因对于自噬小体的形成是必不可少的。ATG3是参与自噬的关键基因之一,其同源基因在真核生物中普遍存在。在自噬过程中,ATG3在ATG8接合系统中作为一种类似于E2泛素的接合酶,促进噬菌体的伸长。ATG3还被发现以自噬依赖的方式参与许多生理和病理过程,如肿瘤的发生和发展、缺血再灌注损伤、病原体的清除和细胞器的动态平衡。有趣的是,最近一些研究发现ATG3具有不依赖于自噬的功能,包括细胞分化和有丝分裂。本文综述了ATG3在自噬小体形成中的研究现状,重点介绍了ATG3的结合伙伴和结合位点,综述了ATG3的自噬依赖功能,并简要介绍了ATG3的自噬非依赖功能。
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process that is essential for maintaining cellular, tissue, and organismal homeostasis. Autophagy-related (ATG) genes are indispensable for autophagosome formation. ATG3 is one of the key genes involved in autophagy, and its homologs are common in eukaryotes. During autophagy, ATG3 acts as an E2 ubiquitin-like conjugating enzyme in the ATG8 conjugation system, contributing to phagophore elongation. ATG3 has also been found to participate in many physiological and pathological processes in an autophagy-dependent manner, such as tumor occurrence and progression, ischemia–reperfusion injury, clearance of pathogens, and maintenance of organelle homeostasis. Intriguingly, a few studies have recently discovered the autophagy-independent functions of ATG3, including cell differentiation and mitosis. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of ATG3 in autophagosome formation, highlight its binding partners and binding sites, review its autophagy-dependent functions, and provide a brief introduction into its autophagy-independent functions.
E2样共轭酶ATG3促进了IRG和GBP蛋白与衣原体和含毒素的液泡的结合以及宿主的耐药性。
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