Massive Upland to Wetland Conversion Compensated for Historical Marsh Loss in Chesapeake Bay, USA
Massive Upland to Wetland Conversion Compensated for Historical Marsh Loss in Chesapeake Bay, USA
复制标题
美国切萨皮克湾的大规模高地向湿地转变弥补了历史上的沼泽损失
DOI：
10.1007/s12237-017-0336-9
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Kirwan, Matthew L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schieder, Nathalie W.;Walters, David C.;Kirwan, Matthew L.
海平面上升导致沿海海侵，生态系统的生存取决于它们向内陆迁移的速度是否快于侵蚀和侵蚀。我们比较了横跨北美最大河口切萨皮克湾的19世纪地图和现代航空照片之间的沼泽范围，发现尽管相对海平面上升速度是世界上最快的，但切萨皮克沼泽仍保持其空间范围。在映射区域（即，现代切萨皮克湾沼泽地的25%），94平方公里的沼泽主要是由于海岸线的侵蚀而消失，而101平方公里的沼泽是由于高地的淹没而形成的。对整个切萨皮克地区的简单预测表明，大约10万英亩（400平方公里）的高地已经转化为湿地，大约三分之一的现代沼泽是自19世纪后期以来高地生态系统的淹没造成的。沼泽迁移率与地形坡度和相邻高地的发展量弱相关，这表明额外的过程也可能是重要的。然而，我们的研究结果强调，沿海生态系统的位置迅速变化的世纪的时间尺度和海平面上升并不一定会导致整体栖息地的丧失。
Sea level rise leads to coastal transgression, and the survival of ecosystems depends on their ability to migrate inland faster than they erode and submerge. We compared marsh extent between nineteenth-century maps and modern aerial photographs across the Chesapeake Bay, the largest estuary in North America, and found that Chesapeake marshes have maintained their spatial extent despite relative sea level rise rates that are among the fastest in the world. In the mapped region (i.e., 25% of modern Chesapeake Bay marshland), 94 km2of marsh was lost primarily to shoreline erosion, whereas 101 km2of marsh was created by upland drowning. Simple projections over the entire Chesapeake region suggest that approximately 100,000 acres (400 km2) of uplands have converted to wetlands and that about a third of all present-day marsh was created by drowning of upland ecosystems since the late nineteenth century. Marsh migration rates were weakly correlated with topographic slope and the amount of development of adjacent uplands, suggesting that additional processes may also be important. Nevertheless, our results emphasize that the location of coastal ecosystems changes rapidly on century timescales and that sea level rise does not necessarily lead to overall habitat loss.
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
J. Morris;J. Edwards;S. Crooks;E. Reyes
通讯作者：
J. Morris;J. Edwards;S. Crooks;E. Reyes
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Cadol D;Elmore AJ;Guinn SM;Engelhardt KA;Sanders G
通讯作者：
Sanders G
弗吉尼亚州潮水海岸线侵蚀
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1976
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Byrne;G. Anderson
通讯作者：
G. Anderson
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Crosby, Sarah C.;Sax, Dov F.;Leslie, Heather M.
通讯作者：
Leslie, Heather M.
影响因子：
11.6
作者：
Anisfeld, Shimon C.;Cooper, Katharine R.;Kemp, Andrew C.
通讯作者：
Kemp, Andrew C.