Does obesity-associated insulin resistance affect brain structure and function of adolescents differentially by sex?

Does obesity-associated insulin resistance affect brain structure and function of adolescents differentially by sex?
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DOI:
10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111417
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发表时间:
2022-01
期刊:
Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Convit A
Convit A
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gabay A;London S;Yates KF;Convit A

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代谢异常会影响青少年的大脑。同样的代谢异常,年轻人比成年人在更多的认知领域表现出缺陷。我们研究了肥胖/胰岛素抵抗(IR)青少年的性别差异表现,并评估了性别和IR如何影响额叶结构和执行功能。125名青少年接受了医学、认知和脑成像评估。受试者分为胰岛素敏感组(IS) (QUICKI≧0.350)和胰岛素敏感组(IR) (QUICKI < 0.350)。IR程度对大脑和认知的影响因性别而异。女性的QUICKI与前扣带皮层(ACC)体积、内侧眶额皮质(OFC)厚度以及Stroop和数字符号替换(DSST)测试得分呈正相关。患有IR的女性往往有较薄的岛叶皮质。在男性中没有发现这种联系。在女性青少年中,IR可能对大脑结构和功能产生负面影响。在男性身上没有发现这种影响。虽然需要更多的发展,激素的影响和炎症是潜在的因素。
Metabolic abnormalities affect the adolescent brain. For equivalent abnormalities in metabolism young people exhibit deficits in more cognitive domains than adults. We examine sex differences performance for adolescents with obesity/insulin resistance (IR) and evaluated how sex and IR effected frontal lobe structures and executive functioning. 125 adolescents underwent medical, cognitive, and brain-imaging assessments. Participants were categorized as insulin sensitive (IS) (QUICKI ≧ 0.350) or IR (QUICKI < 0.350). Degree of IR may affect brain and cognition differentially by sex. Females had positive associations between QUICKI and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) volume, medial orbito-frontal cortex (OFC) thickness, and scores on the Stroop and Digit Symbol Substitution (DSST) tests. Females with IR tended to have thinner insular cortices. No such associations were found in males. In female adolescents, IR may negatively affect brain structure and function. No such effects were found for males. Although needing more development, hormonal effects and inflammation are potential contributors.
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