Gender-based violence during COVID-19 among adolescent girls and young women in Nairobi, Kenya: a mixed-methods prospective study over 18 months.
Gender-based violence during COVID-19 among adolescent girls and young women in Nairobi, Kenya: a mixed-methods prospective study over 18 months.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjgh-2021-007807
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Gichangi P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Decker MR;Bevilacqua K;Wood SN;Ngare GW;Thiongo M;Byrne ME;Williams A;Devoto B;Glass N;Heise L;Gichangi P
少女和年轻女性（AGYW）遭受性别暴力（GBV）的比例过高，在COVID-19大流行等紧急情况下可能会增加。在COVID-19大流行之前和期间的18个月期间，在三个时间点对肯尼亚内罗毕的一群15-24岁的青年进行了调查：2019年6月至8月（大流行前），2020年8月至10月（12个月随访）和2021年5月（18个月随访）。在肯尼亚内罗毕的AGYW（n=612）中，我们研究了（1）主要形式的GBV的患病率、相对时间和求助情况，（2）18个月内的GBV轨迹，（3）个体、二元和COVID相关因素对GBV轨迹的关联。虚拟焦点小组讨论（n=12）和访谈（n=40）情境化定量结果。各时间点的亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）患病率徘徊在17%（在大流行前;过去12个月的12个月随访（2020年）;过去6个月的18个月随访（2021年））;非伴侣性暴力（SV）在12个月和18个月随访时为3%。总体而言，27.6%的AGYW在大流行期间经历了IPV。疫情期间的IPV与工作作为新冠肺炎前的主要活动、社会支持低和伴侣年龄差异>4岁有关。在所有三个时间点合作的AGYW中，66.2%的人保持无IPV（无IPV），9.2%的人在18个月随访时IPV得到解决，而11.1%的人开始IPV，13.6%的人经历过间歇性IPV。2020年IPV和SV的求助率（分别为11.1%和4.6%），到2021年分别提高到21.7%和15.1%。定性结果说明了宵禁的影响，以及与流行病有关的财政压力在引发冲突和威胁传统性别角色方面的影响，以及促成IPV的基本条件。在COVID-19大流行之前和期间，内罗毕的IPV对AGYW的持续存在反映了地方性条件和大流行特异性压力因素。青年，包括未婚青年，仍然是基于性别的暴力预防和以幸存者为中心的应对措施的重点人群。
Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) disproportionately experience gender-based violence (GBV), which can increase during emergencies like the COVID-19 pandemic. A cohort of youth ages 15–24 in Nairobi, Kenya was surveyed at three time points over an 18-month period prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic: June–August 2019 (prepandemic), August–October 2020 (12-month follow-up) and May 2021 (18-month follow-up). We characterise (1) prevalence, relative timing and help-seeking for leading forms of GBV, (2) GBV trajectories over 18 months and (3) associations of individual, dyad and COVID-related factors on GBV trajectories among AGYW (n=612) in Nairobi, Kenya. Virtual focus group discussions (n=12) and interviews (n=40) contextualise quantitative results. Intimate partner violence (IPV) prevalence hovered at 17% across time points (ever at pre-pandemic; past 12 months at 12-month follow-up (2020); past 6 months at 18-month follow-up (2021)); non-partner sexual violence (SV) was 3% at 12-month and 18-month follow-up. Overall, 27.6% of AGYW experienced IPV during the pandemic. IPV during the pandemic was associated with work as the primary pre-COVID activity, low social support and partner age difference >4 years. Among AGYW partnered at all three time points, 66.2% stayed IPV-free (no IPV), 9.2% saw IPV resolve by 18-month follow-up, while 11.1% had IPV start and 13.6% experienced intermittent IPV. Help-seeking for IPV and SV in 2020 (11.1% and 4.6%, respectively) increased to 21.7% and 15.1%, respectively, by 2021. Qualitative results speak to impacts of curfews, and pandemic-related financial stress in prompting conflict and threatening traditional gender roles, and underlying conditions that enable IPV. The persistence of IPV against AGYW in Nairobi prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic reflects endemic conditions and pandemic-specific stressors. Youth, including unmarried youth, remain a priority population for GBV prevention and survivor-centred response.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
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