Helminth immunoregulation: the role of parasite secreted proteins in modulating host immunity.
Helminth immunoregulation: the role of parasite secreted proteins in modulating host immunity.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.04.008
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发表时间：
2009-09
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Maizels, Rick M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hewitson, James P.;Grainger, John R.;Maizels, Rick M.
蠕虫是免疫调节高手。蠕虫感染的一个特征是Th 2主导的免疫应答，但免疫调节细胞群的刺激，如调节性T细胞和交替活化的巨噬细胞，也同样常见。通常，Th 1/17免疫被阻断，产生的效应子应答被抑制，使寄生虫在“修饰的Th 2”环境中存活。清除蠕虫的药物治疗逆转了免疫调节作用，表明寄生虫维持了一种主动抑制状态。因此，研究集中在由活寄生虫释放的“排泄-分泌”产物上，这些产物可以干扰宿主免疫的各个方面，从最初的识别到终末阶段的效应器机制。在这篇综述中，我们调查我们的蠕虫分泌分子的知识，并总结目前的理解越来越多的个人蠕虫介质已被证明是针对哺乳动物免疫系统中的关键受体或途径。
Helminths are masterful immunoregulators. A characteristic feature of helminth infection is a Th2-dominated immune response, but stimulation of immunoregulatory cell populations, such as regulatory T cells and alternatively activated macrophages, is equally common. Typically, Th1/17 immunity is blocked and productive effector responses are muted, allowing survival of the parasite in a “modified Th2” environment. Drug treatment to clear the worms reverses the immunoregulatory effects, indicating that a state of active suppression is maintained by the parasite. Hence, research has focussed on “excretory–secretory” products released by live parasites, which can interfere with every aspect of host immunity from initial recognition to end-stage effector mechanisms. In this review, we survey our knowledge of helminth secreted molecules, and summarise current understanding of the growing number of individual helminth mediators that have been shown to target key receptors or pathways in the mammalian immune system.
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