Observed Winds Crucial for September Arctic Sea Ice Loss

Observed Winds Crucial for September Arctic Sea Ice Loss
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观测到的风对九月北极海冰损失至关重要

DOI:
10.1029/2022gl097884
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
E. Blanchard‐Wrigglesworth
E. Blanchard‐Wrigglesworth
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
L. Roach;E. Blanchard‐Wrigglesworth

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过去 40 年来,在气候变化的影响下,北极海冰急剧减少。驱动这些变化的物理过程以及外部强迫与自然变率的相对作用仍然存在争议,部分原因是对耦合气候模型模拟北极海冰缺乏信心。在这里,我们将广泛使用的 CMIP5 类模型 (CESM1) 推向边界层上方观测到的风。这些模拟再现了观察到的北极趋势模式和北极近地表温度的平均年际波动。我们发现大气环流在九月北极海冰损失和海冰年际变化中起着至关重要的作用。观测到的大气环流趋势不属于模拟强迫响应的一部分,导致了模拟 9 月海冰下降的大约 20%–25%,这与观测到的趋势非常一致。然而,我们的模拟没有捕捉到其他季节的海冰损失,这表明冬季和春季存在重要的模型偏差。
Arctic sea ice has declined strikingly over the past 40 years under climate change. The physical processes driving these changes and the relative roles of external forcing versus natural variability remain under debate, partly due to lack of confidence in the simulation of Arctic sea ice by coupled climate models. Here, we nudge a widely‐used CMIP5‐class model (CESM1) toward observed winds above the boundary layer. These simulations reproduce observed Arctic trend patterns and Arctic‐average interannual fluctuations in near‐surface temperature. We find that atmospheric circulation plays a crucial role in September Arctic sea ice loss and sea ice interannual variability. Trends in the observed atmospheric circulation that are not part of the modeled forced response cause approximately 20%–25% of the modeled September sea ice decline, which is in close agreement with the observed trend. However, our simulations do not capture sea ice loss in other seasons, pointing to important model biases in winter and spring.
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