Marine artificial light at night: An empirical and technical guide

Marine artificial light at night: An empirical and technical guide
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夜间海洋人造光:经验和技术指南

DOI:
10.1111/2041-210x.13653
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
6.6
通讯作者:
Tidau S
Tidau S
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tidau S

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夜间人造光(ALAN)对我们世界的照明日益增加,这为全球变化研究开辟了一个新领域,其影响现已在生物分类群、生物等级和空间尺度上得到证实。随着陆地生态学的进步,海洋ALAN已成为一个快速增长的研究领域,吸引了来自所有生物群落的科学家。技术的局限性,研究许多沿海和海洋生态系统的复杂性以及ALAN研究的跨学科性质带来了许多挑战。利用光学海洋学家,建模师,社区生态学家,实验和分子生物学家的专业知识,我们分享了已被证明对海洋ALAN研究有用的实用建议和解决方案。讨论早期吸取的经验教训可以帮助有效和高效地开发一个领域。该指南遵循海洋光污染的感官生态学方法,并整合了物理学,生态学和生物学。首先,我们介绍海洋光景观,突出这些与陆地的不同之处,并提供生物适应它们的概述。其次,我们讨论了研究设计和技术,以最好地量化ALAN暴露和对海洋和沿海生物的影响,包括扩大海洋ALAN研究的分子工具和方法。我们得出结论,海洋ALAN研究领域的不断发展不仅为提高我们对这种全球广泛存在的压力源的理解提供了机会,而且还为推进基础海洋光生物学,时间生物学和夜间生态学提供了机会。跨学科研究对于深入了解自然海洋光景塑造生态和沿海及海洋生态系统的演变至关重要。
The increasing illumination of our world by artificial light at night (ALAN) has created a new field of global change research with impacts now being demonstrated across taxa, biological ranks and spatial scales. Following advances in terrestrial ecology, marine ALAN has become a rapidly growing research area attracting scientists from across all biomes. Technological limitations, complexities of researching many coastal and marine ecosystems and the interdisciplinary nature of ALAN research present numerous challenges.Drawing on expertise from optical oceanographers, modellers, community ecologists, experimental and molecular biologists, we share practical advice and solutions that have proven useful for marine ALAN research. Discussing lessons learnt early on can help in the effective and efficient development of a field.The guide follows a sensory ecology approach to marine light pollution and consolidates physics, ecology and biology. First, we introduce marine lightscapes highlighting how these differ from terrestrial ones and provide an overview of biological adaptations to them. Second, we discuss study design and technology to best quantify ALAN exposure of and impacts on marine and coastal organisms including molecular tools and approaches to scale‐up marine ALAN research.We conclude that the growing field of marine ALAN research presents opportunities not only for improving our understanding of this globally widespread stressor, but also for advancing fundamental marine photobiology, chronobiology and night‐time ecology. Interdisciplinary research will be essential to gain insights into natural marine lightscapes shaping the ecology and evolution coastal and marine ecosystems.
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