Microbial biofilm as a smart material.

Microbial biofilm as a smart material.
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DOI:
10.3390/s150204229
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发表时间:
2015-02-12
期刊:
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Sams T
Sams T
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Garde C;Welch M;Ferkinghoff-Borg J;Sams T

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微生物生物膜菌落在许多情况下会形成一种智能材料,能够根据其大小和内部状态对外部威胁做出反应。微生物群落相应地在被动、保护或攻击模式之间切换。为了决定采用哪种策略,生物膜群落必须能够感知自己的大小。设计用于执行此任务的传感器被称为法定数量传感器,因为它仅在建立了足够大的微生物集合后才允许集体行为。通用群体感应器构建体涉及两个基因,一个编码可扩散信号分子的产生,另一个编码专用于感应信号分子的调节蛋白。信号分子产生中的正反馈为切换到集体模式设定了明确的条件。调节器的激活涉及缓慢的二聚化,这允许对集体模式的激活进行低通滤波。在这里,我们回顾和联合收割机的模型组成部分,形成基本的群体传感器在一些革兰氏阴性细菌,例如,绿脓杆菌。
Microbial biofilm colonies will in many cases form a smart material capable of responding to external threats dependent on their size and internal state. The microbial community accordingly switches between passive, protective, or attack modes of action. In order to decide which strategy to employ, it is essential for the biofilm community to be able to sense its own size. The sensor designed to perform this task is termed a quorum sensor, since it only permits collective behaviour once a sufficiently large assembly of microbes have been established. The generic quorum sensor construct involves two genes, one coding for the production of a diffusible signal molecule and one coding for a regulator protein dedicated to sensing the signal molecules. A positive feedback in the signal molecule production sets a well-defined condition for switching into the collective mode. The activation of the regulator involves a slow dimerization, which allows low-pass filtering of the activation of the collective mode. Here, we review and combine the model components that form the basic quorum sensor in a number of Gram-negative bacteria, e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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