Gut Innate Immunity and HIV Pathogenesis.

Gut Innate Immunity and HIV Pathogenesis.
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DOI:
10.1007/s11904-021-00544-3
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发表时间:
2021-04
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
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在胃肠道中,由多个天然细胞群组成的复杂网络不仅作为抵御入侵病原体的第一道防线,在驱动适应性免疫反应方面发挥着关键作用,而且在维持肠道内环境稳定方面也发挥着关键作用。在这里,我们描述了各种天然免疫细胞群在肠道免疫中的作用,并详细研究了急性和慢性HIV感染对这些细胞群的影响。据报道,HIV(PWH)患者先天淋巴样细胞、树突状细胞、巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞和先天T细胞的频率、表型和/或功能发生了变化,尽管进行了抗逆转录病毒治疗和病毒学抑制,但其中许多特征仍然存在。肠道天然免疫紊乱是PWH肠道发病的一个特点。为了开发更有效的HIV治疗和治愈策略,需要更深入地了解导致多种不同肠道固有免疫细胞群受损的机制,以及先天免疫反应改变对宿主防御和PWH肠道稳态的下游影响。
In the gastro-intestinal tract, the complex network of multiple innate cell populations play critical roles not only as a first line of defense against invading pathogens and in driving adaptive immune responses, but also in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Here, we describe the roles of various innate immune cell populations in gut immunity and detail studies investigating the impact of acute and chronic HIV infection on these cell populations. Alterations in frequencies, phenotype and/or function of innate lymphoid cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, neutrophils and innate-like T cells have been reported in people with HIV (PWH), with many of these features persisting despite anti-retroviral therapy and virological suppression. Dysregulated gut innate immunity in PWH is a feature of gut pathogenesis. A greater understanding of the mechanisms driving impairment in the multiple different gut innate immune cell populations and the downstream consequences of an altered innate immune response on host defense and gut homeostasis in PWH is needed to develop more effective HIV treatments and cure strategies.
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