Hyperactivation of Posterior Default Mode Network During Self-Referential Processing in Children at Familial High-Risk for Psychosis.
Hyperactivation of Posterior Default Mode Network During Self-Referential Processing in Children at Familial High-Risk for Psychosis.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2021.613142
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Whitfield-Gabrieli S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Collin G;Bauer CCC;Anteraper SA;Gabrieli JDE;Molokotos E;Mesholam-Gately R;Thermenos HW;Seidman LJ;Keshavan MS;Shenton ME;Whitfield-Gabrieli S
精神分裂症谱系障碍患者的自我参照处理和相关的神经回路，包括默认模式网络（DMN）的干扰。这些紊乱可能先于精神病发作，并可能是早期社会和情感问题的基础。在这项研究中，我们检查了一组儿童（7-12岁）在家族性高风险（FHR）的精神病（N = 17），与年龄和性别匹配的健康对照组（HC）儿童（N = 20）的自我参照处理。研究人员向参与者展示了一系列形容词，并要求他们指出这些形容词是否描述了他们（自我参照条件），以及这些形容词是否描述了一个好的或坏的特征（语义条件）。由于语义任务的机会水平表现，排除了3名参与者，留下N = 15 FHR和N = 19 HC进行最终分析。功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）被用来测量大脑激活过程中的自我参照与语义处理。内化和外化的问题进行了评估与儿童行为检查表（CBCL）。评价任务的主效应（自我>语义）显示HC激活内侧前额叶皮层，FHR激活楔前叶/后扣带皮层（PCC）。组间比较得出FHR > HC对比的显著结果，显示楔前叶/ PCC（p = 0.004）和小脑前叶/颞枕叶皮质（p = 0.009）中存在两组过度激活。发现楔前叶/PCC激活程度越高，CBCL内化（r = 0.60，p = 0.032）和总体（r = 0.69，p = 0.009）问题越严重。总之，本研究表明，在青春期前胎心率儿童的自我参照过程中，后DMN的活动过度。这一发现假定DMN相关的自我处理障碍是一种与家族风险因素相关的发育性大脑异常，不仅早于精神病，而且早于前驱期。此外，我们的研究结果表明，自我参照处理的早期障碍可能与高危儿童的内化问题有关。
Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders show disturbances in self-referential processing and associated neural circuits including the default mode network (DMN). These disturbances may precede the onset of psychosis and may underlie early social and emotional problems. In this study, we examined self-referential processing in a group of children (7–12 years) at familial high risk (FHR) for psychosis (N = 17), compared to an age and sex-matched group of healthy control (HC) children (N = 20). The participants were presented with a list of adjectives and asked to indicate whether or not the adjectives described them (self-reference condition) and whether the adjectives described a good or bad trait (semantic condition). Three participants were excluded due to chance-level performance on the semantic task, leaving N = 15 FHR and N = 19 HC for final analysis. Functional MRI (fMRI) was used to measure brain activation during self-referential vs. semantic processing. Internalizing and externalizing problems were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Evaluating main effects of task (self > semantic) showed activation of medial prefrontal cortex in HC and precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in FHR. Group-comparison yielded significant results for the FHR > HC contrast, showing two clusters of hyperactivation in precuneus/ PCC (p = 0.004) and anterior cerebellum / temporo-occipital cortex (p = 0.009). Greater precuneus/PCC activation was found to correlate with greater CBCL internalizing (r = 0.60, p = 0.032) and total (r = 0.69, p = 0.009) problems. In all, this study shows hyperactivity of posterior DMN during self-referential processing in pre-adolescent FHR children. This finding posits DMN-related disturbances in self-processing as a developmental brain abnormality associated with familial risk factors that predates not just psychosis, but also the prodromal stage. Moreover, our results suggest that early disturbances in self-referential processing may be related to internalizing problems in at-risk children.
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