Semaphorins in Adult Nervous System Plasticity and Disease.

Semaphorins in Adult Nervous System Plasticity and Disease.
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成人神经系统的塑性和疾病中的信号素。

DOI:
10.3389/fnsyn.2021.672891
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Verhaagen J
Verhaagen J
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Carulli D;de Winter F;Verhaagen J

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脑信号蛋白最初被发现作为轴突发育的指导线索,参与了发育过程中塑造神经系统的许多过程,从神经元增殖和迁移到轴突发生和突触形成。有趣的是,许多脑信号蛋白的表达在发育后仍然存在。例如,脑信号蛋白3A是神经元周网的组分,所述神经元周网是包裹成人CNS中某些类型的神经元的细胞外基质结构,其有助于可塑性关键期的关闭。Semaphorin 3G和4C在控制成年海马连接和记忆过程中起着至关重要的作用,Semaphorin 5A和7A调节成年神经发生。这一证据指出了脑信号蛋白在调节成人神经元可塑性中的作用。本文就脑信号蛋白在成人神经系统中的分布及其在生理和病理过程中的作用作一综述。
Semaphorins, originally discovered as guidance cues for developing axons, are involved in many processes that shape the nervous system during development, from neuronal proliferation and migration to neuritogenesis and synapse formation. Interestingly, the expression of many Semaphorins persists after development. For instance, Semaphorin 3A is a component of perineuronal nets, the extracellular matrix structures enwrapping certain types of neurons in the adult CNS, which contribute to the closure of the critical period for plasticity. Semaphorin 3G and 4C play a crucial role in the control of adult hippocampal connectivity and memory processes, and Semaphorin 5A and 7A regulate adult neurogenesis. This evidence points to a role of Semaphorins in the regulation of adult neuronal plasticity. In this review, we address the distribution of Semaphorins in the adult nervous system and we discuss their function in physiological and pathological processes.
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发表时间: 2019-01-01
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影响因子: --
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