Socio-demographic factors, health risks and harms associated with early initiation of injection among people who inject drugs in Tallinn, Estonia: evidence from cross-sectional surveys.

Socio-demographic factors, health risks and harms associated with early initiation of injection among people who inject drugs in Tallinn, Estonia: evidence from cross-sectional surveys.
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爱沙尼亚塔林注射吸毒者与早期开始注射相关的社会人口因素、健康风险和危害:来自横断面调查的证据。

DOI:
10.1016/j.drugpo.2012.08.003
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
The International journal on drug policy
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Uusküla,Anneli
Uusküla,Anneli
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vorobjov,Sigrid;DesJarlais,DonC;Abel-Ollo,Katri;Talu,Ave;Rüütel,Kristi;Uusküla,Anneli

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目的探讨社会人口学因素,健康风险和危害与早期开始注射(16岁之前)之间的注射毒品使用者(IDUs)在塔林,Estonia.METHODSIDUs被招募使用应答驱动抽样方法的两个横断面访谈管理的调查(在2007年和2009年)。使用二元和多元逻辑回归分析来确定与早期开始注射药物与晚期开始注射药物相关的因素。结果共有672名当前注射吸毒者报告了他们开始注射药物的年龄;平均年龄为18岁,大约四分之一的样本(n=156)报告早期开始注射药物。多因素分析显示,女性、文化程度低、无业、首次吸毒与注射间隔时间短、注射危险性高是早期开始吸毒的显著相关因素(共用注射器和用具,每天注射一次以上),参加注射器交换活动,从外展工作者那里领取注射器,HIV血清阳性的风险高两倍。结论我们的结果证明了显著的不良健康后果(包括高危行为和艾滋病毒血清阳性)毒品和犯罪问题办公室强调,毒品和犯罪问题办公室应与早期开始注射毒品有关,并强调需要针对风险青年开展全面预防方案和早期干预工作。我们的研究结果表明,旨在推迟开始吸毒年龄的干预措施,包括注射吸毒,可有助于减少注射吸毒者的风险行为和艾滋病毒流行率。
AIMTo explore socio-demographic factors, health risks and harms associated with early initiation of injecting (before age 16) among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Tallinn, Estonia.METHODSIDUs were recruited using respondent driven sampling methods for two cross-sectional interviewer-administered surveys (in 2007 and 2009). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with early initiation versus later initiation.RESULTSA total of 672 current IDUs reported the age when they started to inject drugs; the mean was 18 years, and about a quarter of the sample (n=156) reported early initiation into injecting drugs. Factors significantly associated in multivariate analysis with early initiation were being female, having a lower educational level, being unemployed, shorter time between first drug use and injecting, high-risk injecting (sharing syringes and paraphernalia, injecting more than once a day), involvement in syringe exchange attendance and getting syringes from outreach workers, and two-fold higher risk of HIV seropositivity.CONCLUSIONSOur results document significant adverse health consequences (including higher risk behaviour and HIV seropositivity) associated with early initiation into drug injecting and emphasize the need for comprehensive prevention programs and early intervention efforts targeting youth at risk. Our findings suggest that interventions designed to delay the age of starting drug use, including injecting drug use, can contribute to reducing risk behaviour and HIV prevalence among IDUs.
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