Age‐related changes in stem cell dynamics, neurogenesis, apoptosis, and gliosis in the adult brain: A novel teleost fish model of negligible senescence
Age‐related changes in stem cell dynamics, neurogenesis, apoptosis, and gliosis in the adult brain: A novel teleost fish model of negligible senescence
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成年大脑中干细胞动力学、神经发生、细胞凋亡和神经胶质增生的年龄相关变化：一种新的可忽略衰老的硬骨鱼模型
作者：
Ian M. Traniello;R. F. Sîrbulescu;I. Ilieş;G. Zupanc
成体神经发生，即在成体中枢神经系统中产生新的神经元，是所有研究的脊椎动物物种的一个报道特征。然而，在哺乳动物中，细胞增殖和神经元分化的速率急剧下降，通常在性成熟开始附近开始。在本研究中，我们研究了与棕色鬼刀鱼（Apteronotus leptorhynchus）大脑中成年神经发生相关的可能的年龄相关变化，这是一种硬骨鱼，以其巨大的神经发生潜力而闻名。与哺乳动物大脑在衰老过程中的既定变化相反，在这种硬骨鱼物种的大脑中，我们没有发现任何与年龄相关的干/祖细胞增殖，神经元和神经胶质分化或新生成细胞长期存活的绝对水平下降的证据。此外，没有迹象表明，在成年生活的过程中，大脑中的胶质细胞酸性蛋白的数量或凋亡细胞的数量发生了显着变化。我们假设，这是第一次证明脊椎动物大脑中的细胞衰老可以忽略不计，这与该物种的持续生长和成年期缺乏生殖衰老有关。这个物种的成年大脑作为一个新的模型可以忽略衰老的建立提供了新的机会，我们的理解的生物学老化和大脑衰老的基本机制的进步。© 2013 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.开发神经生物学74：514-530，2014年
Adult neurogenesis, the generation of new neurons in the adult central nervous system, is a reported feature of all examined vertebrate species. However, a dramatic decline in the rates of cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation occurs in mammals, typically starting near the onset of sexual maturation. In the present study, we examined possible age‐related changes associated with adult neurogenesis in the brain of brown ghost knifefish (Apteronotus leptorhynchus), a teleost fish distinguished by its enormous neurogenic potential. Contrary to the well‐established alterations in the mammalian brain during aging, in the brain of this teleostean species we could not find evidence for any significant age‐related decline in the absolute levels of stem/progenitor cell proliferation, neuronal and glial differentiation, or long‐term survival of newly generated cells. Moreover, there was no indication that the amount of glial fibrillary acidic protein or the number of apoptotic cells in the brain was altered significantly over the course of adult life. We hypothesize that this first demonstration of negligible cellular senescence in the vertebrate brain is related to the continued growth of this species and to the lack of reproductive senescence during adulthood. The establishment of the adult brain of this species as a novel model of negligible senescence provides new opportunities for the advancement of our understanding of the biology of aging and the fundamental mechanisms that underlie senescence in the brain. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 74: 514–530, 2014
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