Extracellular heat shock proteins, cellular export vesicles, and the Stress Observation System: a form of communication during injury, infection, and cell damage. It is never known how far a controversial finding will go! Dedicated to Ferruccio Ritossa.
Extracellular heat shock proteins, cellular export vesicles, and the Stress Observation System: a form of communication during injury, infection, and cell damage. It is never known how far a controversial finding will go! Dedicated to Ferruccio Ritossa.
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DOI：
10.1007/s12192-010-0236-4
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发表时间：
2011-05
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
De Maio, Antonio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Maio, Antonio
关键词：
热休克蛋白（hsp）在多种应激条件下的恢复过程中发挥着重要作用，并为随后的损伤提供保护。应激时热休克蛋白的功能超越了它们在细胞内的定位和伴侣作用，因为它们在细胞外被检测到激活信号通路。细胞外热休克蛋白可能作为应激条件的指标，启动其他细胞，特别是免疫系统，以避免这种侮辱的传播。一些细胞外热休克蛋白，如Hsp70，与出口囊泡相关，显示巨噬细胞的强大激活。我们已经创造了术语应激观察系统（SOS）的机制感应细胞外热休克，我们认为这是一种形式的细胞通信在应激条件下。hsp的释放机制是一个难以理解的过程，它不包含任何共识的分泌信号。热休克蛋白的输出似乎是一个非常复杂的现象，包含不同的替代途径。此外，细胞外热休克可能不是单一的味道，而是在各种物理条件下。本文综述了目前关于细胞外热休克蛋白的释放和功能的一些知识，特别是与囊泡相关的知识。
Heat shock proteins (hsp) have been found to play a fundamental role in the recovery from multiple stress conditions and to offer protection from subsequent insults. The function of hsp during stress goes beyond their intracellular localization and chaperone role as they have been detected outside cells activating signaling pathways. Extracellular hsp are likely to act as indicators of the stress conditions, priming other cells, particularly of the immune system, to avoid the propagation of the insult. Some extracellular hsp, for instance Hsp70, are associated with export vesicles, displaying a robust activation of macrophages. We have coined the term Stress Observation System (SOS) for the mechanism for sensing extracellular hsp, which we propose is a form of cellular communication during stress conditions. An enigmatic and still poorly understood process is the mechanism for the release of hsp, which do not contain any consensus secretory signal. The export of hsp appears to be a very complex phenomenon encompassing different alternative pathways. Moreover, extracellular hsp may not come in a single flavor, but rather in a variety of physical conditions. This review addresses some of our current knowledge about the release and function of extracellular hsp, in particular those associated with vesicles.
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