Neuropathology of frontotemporal lobar degeneration-tau (FTLD-tau).

Neuropathology of frontotemporal lobar degeneration-tau (FTLD-tau).
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DOI:
10.1007/s12031-011-9589-0
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发表时间:
2011-11
期刊:
Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Josephs KA
Josephs KA
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dickson DW;Kouri N;Murray ME;Josephs KA

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临床和病理学异质性类型的额颞叶变性在神经元和神经胶质中具有异常tau病理学(FTLD-tau)。家族性FTLD-tau通常是由于tau基因(MAPT)突变引起的。甚至由MAPT突变确定的FTLD-tau也具有临床和病理异质性。Tau蛋白病根据Tau的主要种类进行细分,就MAPT的选择性剪接而言,Tau蛋白在微管结合结构域中含有约32个氨基酸的3个(3R)或4个重复(4 R)。在皮克病(PiD)中,3R tau占主导地位,而4 R tau是皮质基底节变性(CBD)和进行性核上性麻痹(PSP)的特征。根据MAPT中的特定突变,家族性FTLD-tau可以具有3R、4 R或3R和4 R tau的组合。PiD是最不常见的FTLD-tau,其特征在于神经元匹克体在刻板的神经解剖学分布。PSP和CBD比PiD更常见,并且具有广泛的临床和病理重叠,没有独特的临床综合征或生物标志物可以区分它们。诊断取决于尸检的大脑和演示的球状缠结,少突胶质细胞卷曲体和丛生的星形胶质细胞在PSP或线程,pretangles和星形胶质细胞斑块在CBD。tau病理的解剖分布决定了PSP和CBD以及PiD的临床表现。FTLD-tau中这种选择性皮质脆弱性的基础尚不清楚。
A clinically and pathologically heterogeneous type of frontotemporal lobar degeneration has abnormal tau pathology in neurons and glia (FTLD-tau). Familial FTLD-tau is usually due to mutations in the tau gene (MAPT). Even FTLD-tau determined by MAPT mutations ha s clinical and pathologic heterogeneity. Tauopathies are subclassified according to the predominant species of tau that accumulates, with respect to alternative splicing of MAPT, with tau proteins containing 3 (3R) or 4 repeats (4R) of ~ 32 amino acids in the microtubule binding domain. In Pick's disease (PiD), 3R tau predominates, whereas 4R tau is characteristic of corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Depending upon the specific mutation in MAPT, familial FTLD-tau can have 3R, 4R or a combination of 3R and 4R tau. PiD is the least common FTLD-tau characterized by neuronal Pick bodies in a stereotypic neuroanatomical distribution. PSP and CBD are more common than PiD and have extensive clinical and pathologic overlap, with no distinctive clinical syndrome or biomarker that permits their differentiation. Diagnosis rests upon postmortem examination of the brain and demonstration of globose tangles, oligodendroglial coiled bodies and tufted astrocytes in PSP or threads, pretangles and astrocytic plaques in CBD. The anatomical distribution of tau pathology determines the clinical presentation of PSP and CBD, as well as PiD. The basis for this selective cortical vulnerability in FTLD-tau is unknown.
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