Young children's ability to use two-dimensional and three-dimensional symbols to show placements of body touches and hidden objects.
Young children's ability to use two-dimensional and three-dimensional symbols to show placements of body touches and hidden objects.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jecp.2015.01.010
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Bruck M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lytle N;London K;Bruck M
在两个实验中，我们调查了3- 5岁的儿童使用娃娃和人物画作为符号来映射身体触摸的能力。在实验1中，将贴纸贴在儿童身体的不同位置，并要求他们用三种不同的符号指出贴纸的位置：玩偶、人体素描和成年研究人员。任务的表现随着年龄的增长而提高，但许多5岁的孩子并没有达到完美的表现。令人惊讶的是，与3D娃娃和成人任务相比，年龄较小的孩子在2D人体绘图任务上犯的错误更多。在实验2中，我们比较了儿童使用3D和2D符号来指示身体触摸以及引导他们寻找隐藏物体的能力。我们在身体触摸任务中重复了实验1的发现：对于年幼的孩子来说，3D符号比2D符号更容易使用。然而，在物体定位任务中发现了相反的模式，孩子们使用2D绘图比3D模型表现出更好的表现。虽然孩子们在使用玩偶和图画来展示他们被触摸的地方方面表现出了进步，但在触摸任务中，不到三分之二的5岁孩子表现完美。讨论了这些结果的发展和法医意义。
In two experiments, we investigated 3- to 5-year-old children’s ability to use dolls and human figure drawings as symbols to map body touches. In Experiment 1 stickers were placed on different locations of children’s bodies, and they were asked to indicate the location of the sticker using three different symbols: a doll, a human figure drawing, and the adult researcher. Performance on the tasks increased with age, but many 5-year-olds did not attain perfect performance. Surprisingly, younger children made more errors on the 2D human figure drawing task compared to the 3D doll and adult tasks. In Experiment 2, we compared children’s ability to use 3D and 2D symbols to indicate body touch as well as to guide their search for a hidden object. We replicated the findings of Experiment 1 for the body touch task: for younger children, 3D symbols were easier to use than 2D symbols. However, the reverse pattern was found for the object locations task with children showing superior performance using 2D drawings over 3D models. Though children showed developmental improvements in using dolls and drawings to show where they were touched, less than two-thirds of the 5-year-olds performed perfectly on the touch tasks. Developmental as well as forensic implications of these results are discussed.
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