Are young adults with long-standing illness or disability at increased risk of loneliness? Evidence from the UK Longitudinal Household Study.
Are young adults with long-standing illness or disability at increased risk of loneliness? Evidence from the UK Longitudinal Household Study.
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DOI：
10.4081/jphr.2020.1861
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发表时间：
2020-10-14
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Long E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McGlone M;Long E
背景：最近的证据表明，年轻人会经历严重的孤独感，而那些长期患病或残疾（LSID）的人可能特别容易受到伤害。这项研究在考虑了与孤独相关的关键社会背景和健康相关因素后，调查了患有 LSID 的年轻人是否比“健康”同龄人更容易经历孤独。设计和方法：样本由来自英国家庭纵向研究 (UKHLS) 第 9 波的 4510 名 16-24 岁个体组成。除了孤独频率的直接指标之外，还使用加州大学洛杉矶分校的三项孤独量表来测量孤独感。相关性测试测量了孤独感和 LSID 之间的关联。在考虑了关键的人口统计和社会背景变量后，使用序数逻辑回归来检查 LSID 和 UCLA 孤独感之间的关联。结果：相关性测试的结果表明 LSID 与两种孤独感测量值之间存在显着关联。序数逻辑回归模型的结果表明，在考虑了各种人口、社会和幸福因素后，慢性病与孤独感显着相关。此外，亲密朋友较少的人、心理健康状况较差、幸福感得分较低的人也表现出更高的孤独感。研究发现，16-18 岁和 19-21 岁年龄段的年轻参与者比 22-24 岁的参与者更感到孤独。结论：总体而言，研究发现了 LSID 的存在与年轻人（16-24 岁）孤独感之间存在关联的重要证据，表明这些人孤独的风险增加，可能成为未来公共卫生干预措施的重点。孤独已成为英国的一个主要公共卫生问题，对个人福祉和终生健康产生负面影响。最近的证据表明，青年期是一个非常容易感到孤独的时期，而患病率估计表明，长期患病或残疾的年轻人可能特别容易感到孤独。当前的研究在考虑了关键的社会背景和健康相关因素后，通过明确调查长期疾病或残疾与年轻人孤独感的相关程度，推进了先前的研究。结果表明，慢性病与孤独感之间存在显着关系，因此表明该人群可能特别需要缓解孤独感的干预措施。这些发现将与经常接触患有长期疾病或残疾的年轻人的卫生专业人员相关。
Background: Recent evidence has shown that young adults experience significant levels of loneliness, and those with longstanding illness or disability (LSID) may be particularly vulnerable. This study investigated whether young adults with LSID were more likely to experience loneliness than their ‘healthy’ peers, after accounting for key socio-contextual and health-related factors associated with loneliness. Design and Methods: The sample consists of 4510 16-24- year-old individuals from Wave 9 of the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS). Loneliness was measured using the UCLA 3-item loneliness scale, in addition to a direct indicator of frequency of loneliness. Correlation tests measured associations between both measures of loneliness and LSID. Ordinal logistic regression was used to examine the association between LSID and UCLA loneliness, after accounting for key demographic and socio-contextual variables. Results: Results from the correlation tests demonstrated significant associations between LSID and both measures of loneliness. Results from the ordinal logistic regression models indicated that chronic illness was significantly associated with loneliness, after accounting for various demographic, social, and well-being factors. In addition, individuals with fewer close friends reported higher loneliness, as did those with poorer mental health, and low well-being scores. Younger participants, age brackets 16-18 and 19-21, were found to report higher loneliness than the individuals aged 22-24-year-old. Conclusions: Overall, the study found significant evidence of associations between the presence of LSID and loneliness in young adults (16-24 years old), suggesting these individuals are at an increased risk of loneliness, and could be a focus for future public health interventions. Loneliness has become a major public health concern in the UK, with negative implications for both personal well-being and life-long health. Recent evidence has shown that young adulthood is a significantly vulnerable period for loneliness, and prevalence estimates indicate that young adults with long-standing illness or disability may be particularly at risk for loneliness. The current study advances previous research by explicitly investigating the extent to which longstanding illness or disability is associated with loneliness among young adults, after accounting for key socio-contextual and health-related factors. Results demonstrate a significant relationship between chronic illness and loneliness, thus suggesting that interventions to alleviate loneliness may be particularly needed among this population. These findings will be relevant to the health professionals who regularly come into contact with young people who experience long-standing illness or disability.
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