Framing Life as Work: Navigating Dependence and Autonomy in Independent Living

Framing Life as Work: Navigating Dependence and Autonomy in Independent Living
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将生活视为工作:在独立生活中驾驭依赖与自主

DOI:
10.1007/s11133-019-09438-8
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
2.3
通讯作者:
Munson, Adrianna Bagnall
Munson, Adrianna Bagnall
中科院分区:
法学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Munson, Adrianna Bagnall

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本文对社区走向独立(MTIC)参与者的自主性背景进行了人种学描述,MTIC是一个为智力和发育障碍的成年人提供的独立生活计划。在手头的情况下,工作人员干预是围绕目标进行规划的,这一框架通过定位未来的行动对象来增加工作人员和参与者之间的时间距离。同样,建议通过将采取行动的责任放在参与者身上,在工作人员干预和参与者行动之间建立了社会距离。总而言之,目标和建议构成了一个更大的解释框架,我称之为生活工作,一种解释行为的方法,将依赖重新塑造为未来自主的工作。生活工作是一个新自由主义框架,承认义务是成人生活的合法部分,将社会施加在个人身上的力量正常化,并将日常生活中的这种力量解释为“工作”。对这一新自由主义项目的其他分析强调了各机构通过改变人们的习惯、做法和心态来摆脱依赖的工作。这项研究经常将新自由主义的社会控制项目框定为一种颠覆自治的强制性力量。在MTIC,情况并非如此,在那里,我发现终身工作也是构建自主性的重要象征性机制。我认为,最好的理解是,自主性是一个持续和协作的项目,目的是在个人周围构建社会和时间距离。这个项目既是实用的,让参与者在孤独时为行动做好准备,又是伦理的,这是理解依赖中的自主性所必需的框架。
This paper offers an ethnographic account of the context of autonomy for participants at Moving Toward Independence in the Community (MTIC), an independent living program for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. In the case at hand, staff interventions are planned around goals, frame that increases temporal distance between the staff and participants by locating the object of action in the future. Similarly, suggestions establish social distance between staff intervention and participant action by placing the responsibility to act on participants. Together, goals and suggestions make up a larger interpretive frame that I calllifework, a method of explaining action that recasts dependence as work toward future autonomy.Lifeworkis a neoliberal frame that recognizes obligation as a legitimate part of adult life, normalizes the force society exerts on individuals, and interprets this force in daily life as “work.” Other analyses of this neoliberal project highlight the work of institutions to remove people from dependency by changing their habits, practices, and frames of mind. This research often frames neoliberal projects of social control as a coercive force that subverts autonomy. This is not the case at MTIC, where I find thatlifeworkis also an important symbolic mechanism for constructing autonomy. I show that autonomy is best understood as an ongoing and collaborative project to construct social and temporal distance around the individual. This project is both practical, preparing participants for action when they are alone, and ethical, a frame that is necessary for understanding autonomy amidst dependence.
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