Dietary grape seed polyphenols repress neuron and glia activation in trigeminal ganglion and trigeminal nucleus caudalis.
Dietary grape seed polyphenols repress neuron and glia activation in trigeminal ganglion and trigeminal nucleus caudalis.
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DOI：
10.1186/1744-8069-6-91
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发表时间：
2010-12-10
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Durham PL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cady RJ;Hirst JJ;Durham PL
与颞下颌关节紊乱病相关的炎症和疼痛涉及三叉神经节神经的激活以及外周和中枢敏感化的发展。在寻求安全有效的方法治疗慢性炎症性疾病方面，天然产品是一种未得到充分利用的资源。本研究旨在探讨葡萄籽提取物对持续性颞下颌关节炎症大鼠三叉神经节和三叉神经尾侧核神经元和神经胶质细胞的影响。SD大鼠给予MegaNatural-BP葡萄籽提取物200 mg/kg/d，连续14天后，双侧颞下颌关节囊内注射弗氏完全佐剂。葡萄籽提取物作用后，三叉神经节和三叉神经尾侧核神经元和胶质细胞中丝裂原活化蛋白激酶磷酸酶1的基础表达增加，脊髓胶质细胞谷氨酸转运体的表达增加。在注射佐剂的正常饮食中，三叉神经节神经元、脊髓神经元和小胶质细胞中的磷酸化p38的基础水平更高。同样，佐剂可显著增加小胶质细胞中OX-42和星形胶质细胞中胶质纤维酸性蛋白的免疫反应水平。然而，在提取物处理的动物中，佐剂刺激的磷酸化p38、OX-42和胶质纤维酸性蛋白的水平显著受到抑制。此外，葡萄籽提取物抑制了神经肽降钙素基因相关肽在脊髓神经元中的基础表达。我们的研究结果提供了证据，葡萄籽提取物可能是一种有益的自然治疗选择，通过抑制外周和中枢敏化的发展而治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病。
Inflammation and pain associated with temporomandibular joint disorder, a chronic disease that affects 15% of the adult population, involves activation of trigeminal ganglion nerves and development of peripheral and central sensitization. Natural products represent an underutilized resource in the pursuit of safe and effective ways to treat chronic inflammatory diseases. The goal of this study was to investigate effects of grape seed extract on neurons and glia in trigeminal ganglia and trigeminal nucleus caudalis in response to persistent temporomandibular joint inflammation. Sprague Dawley rats were pretreated with 200 mg/kg/d MegaNatural-BP grape seed extract for 14 days prior to bilateral injections of complete Freund's adjuvant into the temporomandibular joint capsule. In response to grape seed extract, basal expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 was elevated in neurons and glia in trigeminal ganglia and trigeminal nucleus caudalis, and expression of the glutamate aspartate transporter was increased in spinal glia. Rats on a normal diet injected with adjuvant exhibited greater basal levels of phosphorylated-p38 in trigeminal ganglia neurons and spinal neurons and microglia. Similarly, immunoreactive levels of OX-42 in microglia and glial fibrillary acidic protein in astrocytes were greatly increased in response to adjuvant. However, adjuvant-stimulated levels of phosphorylated-p38, OX-42, and glial fibrillary acidic protein were significantly repressed in extract treated animals. Furthermore, grape seed extract suppressed basal expression of the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide in spinal neurons. Results from our study provide evidence that grape seed extract may be beneficial as a natural therapeutic option for temporomandibular joint disorders by suppressing development of peripheral and central sensitization.
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