How birds dissipate heat before, during and after flight.
How birds dissipate heat before, during and after flight.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsif.2023.0442
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发表时间：
2023-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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动物飞行使用新陈代谢能量的速度比任何其他运动方式都要高。新陈代谢能量的一小部分转化为机械能，其余部分以热的形式释放出来。有效的散热是避免体温过高的必要条件。在这项研究中，我们用红外热像仪测量了相思鸟的表面温度，并用传热学模型计算了飞行前、飞行中和飞行后的对流、辐射和传导的热量散失。飞行鸟类总的非蒸发散热速率分别是飞行前的12倍和飞行后的19倍。在飞行过程中，热量主要通过强迫对流通过暴露的腹翼区域散失，导致表面温度低于休息时的鸟类。无论是在运动前还是运动后，休息时，头部和躯干都是散热的主要区域。腿部的表面温度随着飞行时间的延长而升高，并在着陆时保持在较高水平，这表明在飞行期间和飞行后，流向该区域的温暖血液有所增加。这项研究开发的方法是研究鸟类在飞行过程中如何进行体温调节，以在未来的研究中评估气候变化对鸟类行为生态的影响，特别是那些进行迁徙飞行的物种。
Animal flight uses metabolic energy at a higher rate than any other mode of locomotion. A relatively small proportion of the metabolic energy is converted into mechanical power; the remainder is given off as heat. Effective heat dissipation is necessary to avoid hyperthermia. In this study, we measured surface temperatures in lovebirds (Agapornis personatus) using infrared thermography and used heat transfer modelling to calculate heat dissipation by convection, radiation and conduction, before, during and after flight. The total non-evaporative rate of heat dissipation in flying birds was 12× higher than before flight and 19× higher than after flight. During flight, heat was largely dissipated by forced convection, via the exposed ventral wing areas, resulting in lower surface temperatures compared with birds at rest. When perched, both before and after exercise, the head and trunk were the main areas involved in dissipating heat. The surface temperature of the legs increased with flight duration and remained high on landing, suggesting that there was an increase in the flow of warmer blood to this region during and after flight. The methodology developed in this study to investigate how birds thermoregulate during flight could be used in future studies to assess the impact of climate change on the behavioural ecology of birds, particularly those species undertaking migratory flights.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Clarke, Andrew;Rothery, Peter
通讯作者：
Rothery, Peter
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Evangelista, Dennis;Fernandez, Maria Jose;Dudley, Robert
通讯作者：
Dudley, Robert
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Léger, J;Larochelle, J
通讯作者：
Larochelle, J
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Morris, Charlotte R.;Nelson, Frank E.;Askew, Graham N.
通讯作者：
Askew, Graham N.
DOI：
10.1007/bf00297779
发表时间：
1970-01-01
期刊：
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR VERGLEICHENDE PHYSIOLOGIE
影响因子：
--
作者：
BERGER, M;HART, JS;ROY, OZ
通讯作者：
ROY, OZ