Statistical learning and probabilistic prediction in music cognition: mechanisms of stylistic enculturation.
Statistical learning and probabilistic prediction in music cognition: mechanisms of stylistic enculturation.
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DOI：
10.1111/nyas.13654
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发表时间：
2018-05-11
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Pearce MT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pearce MT
音乐感知依赖于通过接触音乐文化而产生的内在心理模型。假设这种音乐文化依赖于两个认知过程：(1)统计学习，即听者获得他们所接触的音乐中存在的统计规律的内部认知模型；(2)基于这些学习模型的概率预测，使听者能够组织和处理他们对音乐的心理表征。为了证实这些假设，我回顾了使用基于统计学习的概率预测的计算模型(音乐信息动力学(IDyOM)模型)来模拟来自对人类听众的经验研究的数据的研究。结果表明，音乐感知中涉及的一系列心理过程--期望、情感、记忆、相似性、分割和节拍--可以通过使用学习的统计模型进行概率预测的单个潜在过程来理解。此外，IDyOM对来自不同音乐文化的听众的模拟表明，统计学习可以可信地预测不同文化对音乐风格的影响，提供了一个文化距离的量化模型。了解音乐熏陶的神经基础将受益于经验神经成像和潜在机制的计算建模之间的密切协调，如下所述。假设这种音乐文化依赖于两个认知过程：统计学习和概率预测。在这里，我回顾了基于统计学习的音乐信息动力学概率预测模型的研究，提出了音乐感知中涉及广泛心理过程的单一过程。
Music perception depends on internal psychological models derived through exposure to a musical culture. It is hypothesized that this musical enculturation depends on two cognitive processes: (1) statistical learning, in which listeners acquire internal cognitive models of statistical regularities present in the music to which they are exposed; and (2) probabilistic prediction based on these learned models that enables listeners to organize and process their mental representations of music. To corroborate these hypotheses, I review research that uses a computational model of probabilistic prediction based on statistical learning (the information dynamics of music (IDyOM) model) to simulate data from empirical studies of human listeners. The results show that a broad range of psychological processes involved in music perception—expectation, emotion, memory, similarity, segmentation, and meter—can be understood in terms of a single, underlying process of probabilistic prediction using learned statistical models. Furthermore, IDyOM simulations of listeners from different musical cultures demonstrate that statistical learning can plausibly predict causal effects of differential cultural exposure to musical styles, providing a quantitative model of cultural distance. Understanding the neural basis of musical enculturation will benefit from close coordination between empirical neuroimaging and computational modeling of underlying mechanisms, as outlined here. It is hypothesized that this musical enculturation depends on two cognitive processes: statistical learning and probabilistic prediction. Here, I review research using the information dynamics of music model of probabilistic prediction based on statistical learning to suggest a single process underlying a broad range of psychological processes involved in music perception.
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