Age and extraversion differences in heart rate reactivity during working memory tasks.
Age and extraversion differences in heart rate reactivity during working memory tasks.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0245539
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ennis GE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pearman A;Neupert SD;Ennis GE
研究和理论表明，在认知测试中的心率反应与年轻人的外向性之间存在联系;然而，类似的工作尚未在老年人中进行。本研究采用多水平建模方法探讨了不同难度的两个工作记忆任务中人内心率反应性的年龄和外倾相关差异。在连续HR监测的570个人内评估中，28名年轻人（M = 19.76，SD = 1.15）和29名老年人（M = 71.19，SD = 6.63）接受了两项工作记忆任务（向后数字跨度和n-back）。有没有年龄差异的反应在向后数字跨度。然而，与之前的研究结果类似，在更困难的n-back任务中，外向性低的年轻人表现出比外向性高的年轻人更高的HR反应性。有趣的是，老年人表现出相反的模式，即较低的外向性老年人比高外向性老年人反应更少，后者表现出HR最大的增加。高外向性老年人的HR增加可能表明他们在这项更困难的任务中的参与度更高。在老年人中进行工作记忆任务时，需要考虑外倾性的个体差异。
Research and theory have shown a link between heart rate reactivity during cognitive testing and extraversion in younger adults; however, similar work has not been conducted with older adults. This study was designed to explore age and extraversion-related differences in within-person heart rate (HR) reactivity during two working memory tasks of varying difficulty using a multi-level modeling approach. Across 570 total within-person assessments of continuous HR monitoring, 28 younger adults (M = 19.76, SD = 1.15) and 29 older adults (M = 71.19, SD = 6.63) were administered two working memory tasks (backward digit span and n-back). There were no age differences in reactivity during the backward digit span. However, similar to previous findings, on the more difficult n-back task, younger adults low in extraversion showed a trend toward higher HR reactivity than young adults high in extraversion. Interestingly, the older adults showed the opposite pattern in that lower extraversion older adults were less reactive than the higher extraversion older adults who showed the steepest increase in HR. The HR increase of the older adults high in extraversion may be an indication of higher engagement in this more difficult task. Individual differences in extraversion need to be taken into account when administering working memory tasks in older adults.
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