VxrB Influences Antagonism within Biofilms by Controlling Competition through Extracellular Matrix Production and Type 6 Secretion.
VxrB Influences Antagonism within Biofilms by Controlling Competition through Extracellular Matrix Production and Type 6 Secretion.
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作者：
人类病原体霍乱弧菌以生物膜的形式生长，即包裹在细胞外基质中的细胞群落。当细胞在生物膜中生长时，就会争夺资源和空间。革兰氏阴性菌之间的一种常见竞争机制是第六型分泌系统(T6SS)，它可以将有毒效应蛋白输送到一系列不同的靶细胞中，包括其他细菌、吞噬阿米巴和人类巨噬细胞。反应调节因子VxrB正向调节生物膜基质和T6SS基因的表达。在这里，我们直接观察到T6SS在生物膜中的活性，这导致了与缺乏T6SS的菌株的竞争。VxrB通过T6SS在攻击和防御中发挥重要作用，同时也通过调节生物膜基质的产生影响竞争。我们进一步确定弧菌多糖(VPS)和生物膜基质蛋白RBMA都可以保护成熟生物膜内的细胞免受T6SS攻击。通过改变生物膜中捕食者和被捕食者细胞的空间混合，我们表明高度混合有利于T6SS捕食者菌株，并且霍乱弧菌生物膜中胞外DNA的存在是T6SS死亡的特征。因此，VxrB调节T6SS攻击和基于基质的T6SS防御，以控制混合菌株生物被膜形成过程中的拮抗相互作用和竞争结果。
The human pathogen Vibrio cholerae grows as biofilms, communities of cells encased in an extracellular matrix. When growing in biofilms, cells compete for resources and space. One common competitive mechanism among Gram-negative bacteria is the type six secretion system (T6SS), which can deliver toxic effector proteins into a diverse group of target cells, including other bacteria, phagocytic amoebas, and human macrophages. The response regulator VxrB positively regulates both biofilm matrix and T6SS gene expression. Here, we directly observe T6SS activity within biofilms, which results in improved competition with strains lacking the T6SS. VxrB significantly contributes to both attack and defense via T6SS, while also influencing competition via regulation of biofilm matrix production. We further determined that both Vibrio polysaccharide (VPS) and the biofilm matrix protein RbmA can protect cells from T6SS attack within mature biofilms. By varying the spatial mixing of predator and prey cells in biofilms, we show that a high degree of mixing favors T6SS predator strains and that the presence of extracellular DNA in V. cholerae biofilms is a signature of T6SS killing. VxrB therefore regulates both T6SS attack and matrix-based T6SS defense, to control antagonistic interactions and competition outcomes during mixed-strain biofilm formation.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1212429109
发表时间：
2012-11-13
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Asally, Munehiro;Kittisopikul, Mark;Sueel, Guerol M.
通讯作者：
Sueel, Guerol M.
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Giglio, Krista M.;Fong, Jiunn C.;Sondermann, Holger
通讯作者：
Sondermann, Holger
DOI：
10.1126/science.1222981
发表时间：
2012-07-13
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Berk V;Fong JC;Dempsey GT;Develioglu ON;Zhuang X;Liphardt J;Yildiz FH;Chu S
通讯作者：
Chu S
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Fong, Jiunn C. N.;Rogers, Andrew;Yildiz, Fitnat H.
通讯作者：
Yildiz, Fitnat H.
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Basler M;Ho BT;Mekalanos JJ
通讯作者：
Mekalanos JJ