Efficacy of Phase I and Phase II Coxiella burnetii Bacterin Vaccines in a Pregnant Ewe Challenge Model.
Efficacy of Phase I and Phase II Coxiella burnetii Bacterin Vaccines in a Pregnant Ewe Challenge Model.
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DOI：
10.3390/vaccines11030511
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发表时间：
2023-02-22
期刊：
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
McNeilly TN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Williams-Macdonald SE;Mitchell M;Frew D;Palarea-Albaladejo J;Ewing D;Golde WT;Longbottom D;Nisbet AJ;Livingstone M;Hamilton CM;Fitzgerald SF;Buus S;Bach E;Dinkla A;Roest HJ;Koets AP;McNeilly TN
贝氏柯克斯体（Coxiella burnetii）可在多种动物宿主中引起Q热。反刍动物，包括绵羊，被认为在C。Burnetii感染人类;然而，唯一现有的家畜疫苗，即Coxevac®（Ceva Animal Health Ltd.，利伯恩，法国），一种基于I C期的灭活疫苗。贝氏菌株Nine-Mile仅被批准用于山羊和牛。在本研究中，使用妊娠母羊攻击模型来确定Coxevac®和基于II C期的实验性的马林蛋白疫苗的保护作用。burnetii对C. Burnetii挑战。交配前，母羊（每组n = 20只）皮下接种Coxevac®（II期疫苗）或未接种。然后在151天后（妊娠约100天）用106只感染性小鼠剂量的C. Burnetii，九里菌株RSA 493。这两种疫苗都提供了对C.与未接种疫苗的对照组相比，通过粪便、乳汁和阴道粘液中细菌脱落的减少以及异常妊娠的减少来测量贝氏体攻击。这项工作强调了I期疫苗Coxevac®可以保护母羊免受C.贝氏体感染此外，第二阶段疫苗提供的保护水平相当，可能是目前获得许可的疫苗的一种更安全和具有成本效益的替代品。
The bacterium Coxiella burnetii can cause the disease Q-fever in a wide range of animal hosts. Ruminants, including sheep, are thought to play a pivotal role in the transmission of C. burnetii to humans; however, the only existing livestock vaccine, namely, Coxevac® (Ceva Animal Health Ltd., Libourne, France), a killed bacterin vaccine based on phase I C. burnetii strain Nine-Mile, is only approved for use in goats and cattle. In this study, a pregnant ewe challenge model was used to determine the protective effects of Coxevac® and an experimental bacterin vaccine based on phase II C. burnetii against C. burnetii challenge. Prior to mating, ewes (n = 20 per group) were vaccinated subcutaneously with either Coxevac®, the phase II vaccine, or were unvaccinated. A subset of pregnant ewes (n = 6) from each group was then challenged 151 days later (~100 days of gestation) with 106 infectious mouse doses of C. burnetii, Nine-Mile strain RSA493. Both vaccines provided protection against C. burnetii challenge as measured by reductions in bacterial shedding in faeces, milk and vaginal mucus, and reduced abnormal pregnancies, compared to unvaccinated controls. This work highlights that the phase I vaccine Coxevac® can protect ewes against C. burnetii infection. Furthermore, the phase II vaccine provided comparable levels of protection and may offer a safer and cost-effective alternative to the currently licensed vaccine.
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