Genome evolution during bread wheat formation unveiled by the distribution dynamics of SSR sequences on chromosomes using FISH.
Genome evolution during bread wheat formation unveiled by the distribution dynamics of SSR sequences on chromosomes using FISH.
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使用 FISH 通过染色体上 SSR 序列的分布动态揭示面包小麦形成过程中的基因组进化
DOI：
10.1186/s12864-020-07364-6
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发表时间：
2021-01-14
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Hu Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang Y;Fan C;Chen Y;Wang RR;Zhang X;Han F;Hu Z
在面包小麦多倍化物种形成过程中，发生了一系列的基因组重排和序列重组。简单序列重复序列(SSR)主要位于染色体的异染色质区域，是追踪基因组DNA序列变异的有效标记。然而，到目前为止，SSR在面包小麦及其供体小麦染色体上的分布动态，包括二倍体和四倍体普通小麦、斯卑尔图亚山羊草、节节麦、大粒小麦。反映了面包小麦形成过程中基因组进化事件的双子叶植物还没有得到全面的研究。通过综合比较(AAc)n、(AAG)n、(AGC)n和(AG)n在小麦中的分布模式，研究了小麦基因组的进化。中国春及其祖先T.urartu、A.speltoides、Ae.Tauschii、野生四倍体二粒小麦T.dicocoides和栽培二粒小麦T.dicoccum。结果表明，每个SSR在不同物种的不同染色体上都有特定的分布模式。它们为某些染色体的鉴定和从二倍体后代到六倍体小麦的SSR序列进化追踪提供了有效的可见标记。在小麦物种形成过程中，SSR序列的扩展主要发生在B染色体的着丝粒和着丝粒周围区域，其他染色体上的SSR序列几乎没有扩展和消除。这一结果表明，在小麦多倍化过程中，B基因组可能对“基因组休克”更敏感，变化更大。在面包小麦进化过程中，B基因组中的(AAc)n、(AAG)n、(AGC)n和(AG)n等SSR在Ae多倍化过程中表现出最大的变化(序列扩展)，特别是在着丝粒和着丝粒周围区域。S基因组，B基因组最有可能的供体。这项工作将有助于更好地理解小麦基因组的形成和进化，并强化B基因组起源于S基因组的观点。网上版载有补充材料，可在10.1186/s12864-020-07364-6查阅。
During the bread wheat speciation by polyploidization, a series of genome rearrangement and sequence recombination occurred. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) sequences, predominately located in heterochromatic regions of chromosomes, are the effective marker for tracing the genomic DNA sequence variations. However, to date the distribution dynamics of SSRs on chromosomes of bread wheat and its donors, including diploid and tetraploid Triticum urartu, Aegilops speltoides, Aegilops tauschii, Triticum turgidum ssp. dicocoides, reflecting the genome evolution events during bread wheat formation had not been comprehensively investigated. The genome evolution was studied by comprehensively comparing the distribution patterns of (AAC)n, (AAG)n, (AGC)n and (AG)n in bread wheat Triticum aestivum var. Chinese Spring and its progenitors T. urartu, A. speltoides, Ae. tauschii, wild tetroploid emmer wheat T. dicocoides, and cultivated emmer wheat T. dicoccum. Results indicated that there are specific distribution patterns in different chromosomes from different species for each SSRs. They provided efficient visible markers for identification of some individual chromosomes and SSR sequence evolution tracing from the diploid progenitors to hexaploid wheat. During wheat speciation, the SSR sequence expansion occurred predominately in the centromeric and pericentromeric regions of B genome chromosomes accompanied by little expansion and elimination on other chromosomes. This result indicated that the B genome might be more sensitive to the “genome shock” and more changeable during wheat polyplodization. During the bread wheat evolution, SSRs including (AAC)n, (AAG)n, (AGC)n and (AG)n in B genome displayed the greatest changes (sequence expansion) especially in centromeric and pericentromeric regions during the polyploidization from Ae. speltoides S genome, the most likely donor of B genome. This work would enable a better understanding of the wheat genome formation and evolution and reinforce the viewpoint that B genome was originated from S genome. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07364-6.
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