Microcontroller Fingerprinting Using Partially Erased NOR Flash Memory Cells
Microcontroller Fingerprinting Using Partially Erased NOR Flash Memory Cells
复制标题
使用部分擦除的 NOR 闪存单元进行微控制器指纹识别
DOI:
10.1145/3448271
复制
发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Milenkovic, Aleksandar
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Poudel, Prawar;Ray, Biswajit;Milenkovic, Aleksandar
Electronic device fingerprints, unique bit vectors extracted from device's physical properties, are used to differentiate between instances of functionally identical devices. This article introduces a new technique that extracts fingerprints from unique properties of partially erased NOR flash memory cells in modern microcontrollers. NOR flash memories integrated in modern systems-on-a-chip typically hold firmware and read-only data, but they are increasingly in-system-programmable, allowing designers to erase and program them during normal operation. The proposed technique leverages partial erase operations of flash memory segments that bring them into the state that exposes physical properties of the flash memory cells through a digital interface. These properties reflect semiconductor process variations and defects that are unique to each microcontroller or a flash memory segment within a microcontroller. The article explores threshold voltage variation in NOR flash memory cells for generating fingerprints and describes an algorithm for extracting fingerprints. The experimental evaluation utilizing a family of commercial microcontrollers demonstrates that the proposed technique is cost-effective, robust, and resilient to changes in voltage and temperature as well as to aging effects.
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DOI:
10.1145/3084464
发表时间:
2017-06
期刊:
Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems
影响因子:
--
作者:
Donghyuk Lee;S. Khan;Lavanya Subramanian;Saugata Ghose;Rachata Ausavarungnirun;Gennady Pekhimenko;Vivek Seshadri;O. Mutlu
通讯作者:
Donghyuk Lee;S. Khan;Lavanya Subramanian;Saugata Ghose;Rachata Ausavarungnirun;Gennady Pekhimenko;Vivek Seshadri;O. Mutlu
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2017
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
Harsha Mandadi
通讯作者:
Harsha Mandadi
影响因子:
3.9
作者:
The;Sunghyun Park;Donghwa Shin
通讯作者:
Donghwa Shin
影响因子:
3.1
作者:
S. Sakib;A. Milenković;Md. Tauhidur Rahman;B. Ray
通讯作者:
B. Ray
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2017
期刊:
Integr.
影响因子:
--
作者:
L. Clark;James Adams;K. Holbert
通讯作者:
K. Holbert