Need for Ethnic and Population Diversity in Psychosis Research.
Need for Ethnic and Population Diversity in Psychosis Research.
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DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbab048
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发表时间：
2021-07-08
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Guloksuz S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burkhard C;Cicek S;Barzilay R;Radhakrishnan R;Guloksuz S
本文旨在评估精神病研究中的“种族”、民族和人口多样性（或缺乏多样性），并特别关注社会环境研究。精神病研究的样本仍然严重偏向西方、受过教育的、工业化的、富裕的和民主的（WEIRD）社会。此外，我们往往没有认识到多样性的缺乏，从而暗示我们的发现可以推广到所有人群，而不管他们的社会、种族和文化背景如何。这产生了重大后果。临床试验产生的结果不能在种族间推广。基于基因组学的预测模型远不能适用于“多数世界”。精神病的社会环境理论完全基于在WEIRD人群中进行的实证研究的结果。这些社会环境因素是否以及如何影响完全不同地理位置、基因库、社会结构和规范、文化以及潜在的保护性反因素的个体仍不清楚。如何评估和研究社会环境因素是另一个主要缺点。通过接受环境的复杂性，暴露范式可以促进相互依赖暴露的评估，这可以解释不同社会和地理环境中社会环境因素的变化如何导致精神病的不同路径。然而，测试这些不同的精神病路径将需要增加研究人群的多样性，这可以通过在WEIRD协会和多数世界之间建立真正的伙伴关系来实现，并得到资助机构的支持，这些资助机构渴望在不同人群中促进可复制的研究。是时候让精神病研究的多样性不再是一个流行词了。
This article aims to evaluate “racial”, ethnic, and population diversity—or lack thereof—in psychosis research, with a particular focus on socio-environmental studies. Samples of psychosis research remain heavily biased toward Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) societies. Furthermore, we often fail to acknowledge the lack of diversity, thereby implying that our findings can be generalized to all populations regardless of their social, ethnic, and cultural background. This has major consequences. Clinical trials generate findings that are not generalizable across ethnicity. The genomic-based prediction models are far from being applicable to the “Majority World.” Socio-environmental theories of psychosis are solely based on findings of the empirical studies conducted in WEIRD populations. If and how these socio-environmental factors affect individuals in entirely different geographic locations, gene pools, social structures and norms, cultures, and potentially protective counter-factors remain unclear. How socio-environmental factors are assessed and studied is another major shortcoming. By embracing the complexity of environment, the exposome paradigm may facilitate the evaluation of interdependent exposures, which could explain how variations in socio-environmental factors across different social and geographical settings could contribute to divergent paths to psychosis. Testing these divergent paths to psychosis will however require increasing the diversity of study populations that could be achieved by establishing true partnerships between WEIRD societies and the Majority World with the support of funding agencies aspired to foster replicable research across diverse populations. The time has come to make diversity in psychosis research more than a buzzword.
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DOI：
10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1240
发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fonseca L;Sena BF;Crossley N;Lopez-Jaramillo C;Koenen K;Freimer NB;Bressan RA;Belangero SI;Santoro ML;Gadelha A
通讯作者：
Gadelha A
DOI：
10.1016/s2215-0366(19)30048-3
发表时间：
2019-05
期刊：
The lancet. Psychiatry
影响因子：
--
作者：
Di Forti M;Quattrone D;Freeman TP;Tripoli G;Gayer-Anderson C;Quigley H;Rodriguez V;Jongsma HE;Ferraro L;La Cascia C;La Barbera D;Tarricone I;Berardi D;Szöke A;Arango C;Tortelli A;Velthorst E;Bernardo M;Del-Ben CM;Menezes PR;Selten JP;Jones PB;Kirkbride JB;Rutten BP;de Haan L;Sham PC;van Os J;Lewis CM;Lynskey M;Morgan C;Murray RM;EU-GEI WP2 Group
通讯作者：
EU-GEI WP2 Group
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Marconi, Arianna;Di Forti, Marta;Vassos, Evangelos
通讯作者：
Vassos, Evangelos
影响因子：
25.8
作者：
Jongsma, Hannah E.;Gayer-Anderson, Charlotte;Kirkbride, James B.
通讯作者：
Kirkbride, James B.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Gulsuner, S.;Stein, D. J.;Susser, E. S.;Sibeko, G.;Pretorius, A.;Walsh, T.;Majara, L.;Mndini, M. M.;Mqulwana, S. G.;Ntola, O. A.;Casadei, S.;Ngqengelele, L. L.;Korchina, V.;van der Merwe, C.;Malan, M.;Fader, K. M.;Feng, M.;Willoughby, E.;Muzny, D.;Baldinger, A.;Andrews, H. F.;Gur, R. C.;Gibbs, R. A.;Zingela, Z.;Nagdee, M.;Ramesar, R. S.;King, M. -C.;McClellan, J. M.
通讯作者：
McClellan, J. M.