Life Strategies in Placozoa

Life Strategies in Placozoa
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Placozoa 的生活策略

DOI:
10.1101/2021.11.26.470175
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
bioRxiv
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Moroz, L.L.
Moroz, L.L.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Romanova, D.Y.;Mikhail A. Nikitin, M.A.;Sergey V. Shchenkov, S.V.;Moroz, L.L.

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扁平动物是了解动物组织起源和进化的重要参考物种。然而,人们对它们在自然栖息地的生活策略知之甚少。在这里,通过建立长期培养的四种Trichoplax和Hoilungia,我们扩展了我们的知识有关的生态和免疫机制的摄食和生殖适应。三种种群增长模式依赖于摄食来源,包括诱导社会行为和不同的生殖策略。除了分裂之外,所有单倍型的代表都产生了“swarmers”,其可以从较低的上皮(具有更大的细胞类型多样性)形成,作为单独的无性生殖阶段。在老化培养中,我们报道了纤维细胞参与的先天性免疫防御反应的一部分,从上层细胞形成专门的结构(“球体”)。最后,我们表明再生可能是一部分的适应性繁殖策略,在鳞片动物和再生生物学的一般一个独特的模式。
Placozoans are essential reference species for understanding the origins and evolution of the animal organization. However, little is known about their life strategies in natural habitats. Here, by establishing long-term culturing for four species ofTrichoplaxandHoilungia, we extend our knowledge about feeding and reproductive adaptations relevant to their ecology and immune mechanisms. Three modes of population growth depended upon feeding sources, including induction of social behaviors and different reproductive strategies. In addition to fission, representatives of all haplotypes produced ‘swarmers,’ which could be formed from the lower epithelium (with greater cell- type diversity) as a separate asexual reproduction stage. In aging culture, we reported the formation of specialized structures (‘spheres’) from the upper cell layer as a part of the innate immune defense response with the involvement of fiber cells. Finally, we showed that regeneration could be a part of the adaptive reproductive strategies in placozoans and a unique model for regenerative biology in general.
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