Identification of chronic wasting disease prions in decaying tongue tissues from exhumed white-tailed deer.
Identification of chronic wasting disease prions in decaying tongue tissues from exhumed white-tailed deer.
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慢性消耗性疾病（CWD）朊病毒在养殖和自由放养的猪中引起致命的神经病变。朊病毒在自然和人为环境成分中的沉积已被认为是介导CWD在野生和圈养种群中传播的主要机制。朊病毒可通过临床前和临床动物的排泄物、组织和尸体在环境中沉积。此外，掩埋cwd阳性动物可减少但不能完全减轻朊病毒从尸体向周围环境传播。在这里，我们分析了挖掘出的腐烂的鹿尸体，以寻找CWD病毒的存在。通过蛋白错误折叠循环扩增（PMCA）技术对95具白尾鹿尸体的舌组织进行分析，鉴定出7具白尾鹿尸体为CWD朊病毒携带者。采用实时地震诱发转换（RT-QuIC）技术进行验证分析。此外，我们通过擦拭喂食器和水源来评估饲养这些动物的围栏的潜在污染。棉签的PMCA分析证实农用设备受CWD污染。这项工作证明了PMCA在各种情况下（包括挖掘/腐烂组织）检测CWD朊病毒的有用性。此外，这是第一份证明棉签结合PMCA作为一种检测自然暴露表面上朊病毒播种活性的方法的报告。考虑到这项研究集中在一个单一的位点，进一步的研究应该证实，朊病毒扩增检测是否不仅在动物身上有用，而且在含有它们的环境中也有用。环境污染被认为是慢性消耗性疾病（CWD）传播的主要因素，慢性消耗性疾病是一种致命的朊病毒疾病，影响多种宫颈物种。目前，还没有正式批准的方法来检测环境成分中的朊病毒传染性。重要的是，动物和人为活动被认为是造成朊病毒环境污染的原因。本研究采用蛋白错误折叠循环扩增（PMCA）法检测白尾鹿尸体中CWD朊病毒。此外，我们在受感染设施内使用的喂食器中发现了CWD朊病毒。这些结果突出了PMCA在各种情况下（从腐烂的组织到农业设备）识别朊病毒感染性方面的潜在作用。
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) prions cause fatal neuropathies in farmed and free-ranging cervids. The deposition of prions in natural and humanmade environmental components has been implicated as a major mechanism mediating CWD spread in wild and captive populations. Prions can be deposited in the environment through excreta, tissues, and carcasses from pre-clinical and clinical animals. Furthermore, burial of CWD-positive animals may reduce but not completely mitigate prion spread from carcasses into the surrounding environment. Here, we analyzed exhumed, decaying deer carcasses for the presence of CWD prions. By analyzing tongue tissues through the protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) technique, we were able to identify seven out of 95 exhumed white-tailed deer carcasses as CWD prions carriers. Confirmatory analyses were performed using the real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) technique. In addition, we evaluated the potential contamination of the pens that housed these animals by swabbing feeders and waterers. PMCA analyses of swabs confirmed CWD contamination on farming equipment. This work demonstrates the usefulness of PMCA to detect CWD prions in a variety of contexts, including exhumed/decaying tissues. In addition, this is the first report demonstrating swabbing coupled with PMCA as a method for the detection of prion seeding activity on naturally exposed surfaces. Considering that this study was focused on a single site, further studies should confirm whether prion amplification assays are useful to identify CWD prions not only in animals but also in the environment that contains them. Environmental contamination is thought to be a major player in the spread of chronic wasting disease (CWD), a fatal prion disease affecting a wide variety of cervid species. At present, there are no officially approved methods allowing for the detection of prion infectivity in environmental components. Importantly, animal as well as anthropogenic activities are thought to contribute to prion environmental contamination. Here, we detected CWD prions in exhumed white-tailed deer carcasses by using the protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) assay. In addition, we identified CWD prions in feeders used within the infected facility. These results highlight the potential role of PMCA in identifying prion infectivity in a variety of scenarios, ranging from decaying tissues to farming equipment.
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DOI：
10.3390/pathogens12020269
发表时间：
2023-02-07
期刊：
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Pritzkow, Sandra;Morales, Rodrigo;Soto, Claudio
通讯作者：
Soto, Claudio
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Pulford, Bruce;Spraker, Terry R.;Zabel, Mark D.
通讯作者：
Zabel, Mark D.
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Miller MW;Williams ES;Hobbs NT;Wolfe LL
通讯作者：
Wolfe LL
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
GRIFFITH, JS
通讯作者：
GRIFFITH, JS