What is the total number of protein molecules per cell volume? A call to rethink some published values.

What is the total number of protein molecules per cell volume? A call to rethink some published values.
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DOI:
10.1002/bies.201300066
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发表时间:
2013-12
期刊:
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Milo, Ron
Milo, Ron
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Milo, Ron

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新的方法,如质谱法,使细胞的蛋白质组的看法在前所未有的细节。最近,这些努力已经达到高潮,在定量测量的数量的拷贝数每个细胞的大多数表达的蛋白质在生物体中,从细菌到哺乳动物细胞。在这里,我们使用与细胞组成相关的已知参数(如蛋白质的细胞质量分数和平均蛋白质长度)估计每单位细胞体积的蛋白质预期总数。使用简单的参数,我们估计在细菌、酵母和哺乳动物细胞中每立方微米(即1 fL)有2-4百万个蛋白质。有趣的是,我们发现报道的裂变酵母和哺乳动物细胞的测量值通常低约3-10倍。我们讨论了这种明显的差异,以及如何使用估计作为基准,重新校准蛋白质组范围内的定量普查或重新审视有关细胞组成的假设。我们估计每单位细胞体积的蛋白质的预期总数为每立方微米2-4百万个蛋白质。一些报道的使用质谱法的裂变酵母和哺乳动物细胞的值比这些估计值低3-10倍。我们讨论了这种明显的差异,以及如何重新校准全蛋白质组定量普查。
Novel methods such as mass-spectrometry enable a view of the proteomes of cells in unprecedented detail. Recently, these efforts have culminated in quantitative measurements of the number of copies per cell for most expressed proteins in organisms ranging from bacteria to mammalian cells. Here, we estimate the expected total number of proteins per unit of cell volume using known parameters related to the composition of cells such as the fraction of cell mass that is protein, and the average protein length. Using simple arguments, we estimate a range of 2–4 million proteins per cubic micron (i.e. 1 fL) in bacteria, yeast, and mammalian cells. Interestingly, we find that measured values that are reported for fission yeast and mammalian cells are often about 3–10 times lower. We discuss this apparent discrepancy and how to use the estimate as benchmark to recalibrate proteome-wide quantitative censuses or to revisit assumptions about cell composition. We estimate the expected total number of proteins per unit cell volume as 2–4 million proteins per cubic micron. Some reported values for fission yeast and mammalian cells using mass spectrometry are 3–10 times lower than these estimates. We discuss this apparent discrepancy and how to recalibrate proteome-wide quantitative censuses.
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