Computational Modeling of Attentional Impairments in Disruptive Mood Dysregulation and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
Computational Modeling of Attentional Impairments in Disruptive Mood Dysregulation and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.468
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发表时间：
2021-05
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Brotman MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haller SP;Stoddard J;Pagliaccio D;Bui H;MacGillivray C;Jones M;Brotman MA
计算模型提供有关行为背后的认知成分的信息。当应用于精神病理学相关的过程中，他们提供了额外的洞察力观察到的行为表现的差异。漂移扩散模型已经成功地应用于研究二元选择任务的加工效率。使用这些模型，我们研究了不同注意力需求下的精神病理学（易怒和注意力不集中/多动）和处理效率之间的关联。N=187名患有ADHD、DMDD、两种疾病或无主要精神病理学的青少年（年龄M=13.09岁，SD=2.55; 34%女性）完成了Eriksen Flanker任务。其中，87名青年提供了DMDD（易怒）和ADHD，注意力不集中和多动的核心症状的维度测量的完整数据。在分类诊断为基础的分析（N=187），我们发现ADHD，DMDD，和任务条件对处理效率的显着的相互作用，从而在冲突和非冲突条件之间的处理效率的变化较大的青年没有精神病理学相对于患者。诊断的症状严重程度（n=87）的分析同样揭示了症状维度和任务条件对处理效率的相互作用。易怒调节注意力不集中症状和冲突和非冲突条件之间的处理效率差异之间的关联程度。适应认知需求的处理效率可能代表ADHD和DMDD的共同认知内表型。高度易怒和/或注意力不集中的青少年可能难以调整处理效率，以改变任务要求，这可能反映了认知灵活性的损害。
Computational models provide information about cognitive components underlying behavior. When applied to psychopathology-relevant processes, they offer additional insight to observed differences in behavioral performance. Drift diffusion models have been successfully applied to investigate processing efficiency during binary choice tasks. Using these models, we examine the association between psychopathology (irritability and inattention/hyperactivity) and processing efficiency under different attentional demands. N=187 youth with ADHD, DMDD, both disorders, or no major psychopathology (age M=13.09 years, SD=2.55; 34% female) completed an Eriksen Flanker task. Of these, 87 youth provided complete data on dimensional measures of the core symptom of DMDD (irritability) and those of ADHD, inattention and hyperactivity. In a categorical diagnosis-based analysis (N=187), we found significant interactive effects between ADHD, DMDD, and task condition on processing efficiency, whereby changes in processing efficiency between conflict and non-conflict conditions were larger in youth without psychopathology relative to patients. Analysis of symptom severity (n=87) across diagnosis similarly revealed an interaction between symptom dimensions and task condition on processing efficiency. Irritability moderated the magnitude of association between inattention symptoms and difference in processing efficiency between conflict and non-conflict conditions. Adapting processing efficiency to cognitive demands may represent a shared cognitive endophenotype for both ADHD and DMDD. Highly irritable and/or inattentive youth may have difficulty adjusting processing efficiency to changing task demands possibly reflecting impairments in cognitive flexibility.
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影响因子：
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Kircanski K;Zhang S;Stringaris A;Wiggins JL;Towbin KE;Pine DS;Leibenluft E;Brotman MA
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