WISDM primary and secondary dependence motives: associations with self-monitored motives for smoking in two college samples.
WISDM primary and secondary dependence motives: associations with self-monitored motives for smoking in two college samples.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.10.005
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Hunt-Carter, Erin E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Piasecki, Thomas M.;Piper, Megan E.;Baker, Timothy B.;Hunt-Carter, Erin E.
威斯康星州吸烟依赖动机量表（WISDM）评估了13个领域的吸烟动机强调不同的理论观点。新出现的研究结果支持四个主要依赖动机（PDM）索引烟草依赖的核心特征和九个次要依赖动机（SDM）索引附件功能之间的区别。目前的研究探讨了这种区分的有效性，使用两个样本（Ns = 50和88）的大学吸烟者自我监测他们的原因与电子日记吸烟的数据。PDM评分与日记认可吸烟的习惯性或自动动机相关，这在概念上与PDM分量表的内容一致。SDM没有明确预测概念相关的自我监控的动机时，单独测试。然而，当这两个相关的量表复合物共同输入时，PDM预测每天吸烟者与非每天吸烟者相比，尼古丁依赖性更高，并且由于习惯或自动性而吸烟。相反，在PDM-SDM共同输入后，SDM复合物中的独特方差预测了出于情境或工具性动机（例如，控制负面影响）。结果表明，PDM复合材料可能反映了这些年轻吸烟者尼古丁依赖的核心动机特征。当吸烟动机是真实的评估而不是通过问卷报告时，高级或依赖性使用中主要动机的相对突出性可能会更加清晰。
The Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (WISDM) assesses 13 domains of smoking motivation emphasized by diverse theoretical perspectives. Emerging findings support a distinction between four primary dependence motives (PDM) indexing core features of tobacco dependence and nine secondary dependence motives (SDM) indexing accessory features. The current study explored the validity of this distinction using data from two samples (Ns = 50 and 88) of college smokers who self-monitored their reasons for smoking with electronic diaries. PDM scores were associated with diary endorsement of habitual or automatic motives for smoking individual cigarettes, which are conceptually consistent with the content of the PDM subscales. SDM did not clearly predict conceptually related self-monitored motives when tested alone. However, when these two correlated scale composites were co-entered, PDM predicted being a daily vs. nondaily smoker, being higher in nicotine dependence, and smoking individual cigarettes because of habit or automaticity. Conversely, after PDM-SDM co-entry, the unique variance in the SDM composite predicted the tendency to report smoking individual cigarettes for situational or instrumental motives (e.g., to control negative affect). The results suggest that the PDM composite may reflect core motivational features of nicotine dependence in these young smokers. The relative prominence of primary motives in advanced or dependent use may be even clearer when motives for smoking are assessed in real time rather than reported via questionnaire.
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