Molecular Mechanisms of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Transformation and Replication.

Molecular Mechanisms of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Transformation and Replication.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-virology-011720-121757
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发表时间:
2020-09-29
影响因子:
11.3
通讯作者:
You J
You J
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liu W;You J

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病毒感染是全球癌症负担的重要组成部分。默克尔细胞多瘤病毒(MCPyV)是人类致癌病毒家族的最新成员。十多年前它的发现标志着人类肿瘤病毒学一个令人兴奋的时代的开始。从那时起,已经出现了重要的证据来支持MCPyV在默克尔细胞癌(MCC)(一种极其致命的皮肤癌形式)中的病因学作用。MCPyV感染在一般人群中广泛存在。MCC的诊断在过去20年中增加了两倍,但目前缺乏有效的治疗方法。在这篇综述中,我们强调了最近的发现,塑造了我们的理解MCPyV致癌机制和宿主细胞向性,以及发生在病毒感染生命周期的分子事件。这些见解将指导未来的努力,开发新的病毒靶向治疗策略,用于治疗与这种新的致瘤病毒相关的毁灭性人类癌症。
Viral infection underlies a significant share of the global cancer burden. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is the newest member of the human oncogenic virus family. Its discovery over a decade ago marked the beginning of an exciting era in human tumor virology. Since then, significant evidence has emerged to support the etiologic role of MCPyV in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), an extremely lethal form of skin cancer. MCPyV infection is widespread in the general population. MCC diagnoses have tripled over the past 20 years, but effective treatments are currently lacking. In this review, we highlight recent discoveries that have shaped our understanding of MCPyV oncogenic mechanism and host cellular tropism, as well as the molecular events occurring in the viral infectious life cycle. These insights will guide future efforts in developing novel virus-targeted therapeutic strategies for treating the devastating human cancers associated with this new tumorigenic virus.
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