The development of a legal framework for blood donation and blood safety in China over 24 years.

The development of a legal framework for blood donation and blood safety in China over 24 years.
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24年来中国献血和血液安全法律框架的发展

DOI:
10.1186/s12913-020-05944-6
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发表时间:
2020-11-30
影响因子:
2.8
通讯作者:
Wang K
Wang K
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gao D;Li H;Wang K

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该研究分析了1996年至2019年中国献血的法规和发展情况,并展示了政府为改善血液安全所做的努力。自1998年《献血法》实施以来,我国献血人数从1998年到2018年增长了275%(从400万人增加到1500万人)。无过错责任原则于2010年提出并适用于输血医疗事故侵权责任。2015年,互助献血占全国采集量的4.2%。然而,在中国的一些省份,互助献血的比例从9.3%上升到2016年的35.6%。国家卫生委员会于2018年3月取消了互助献血。从2015年开始,核酸扩增检测成为筛查血液的常规检测项目。中国政府将自愿无偿献血原则制度化,制定输血管理条例,采用先进的血液检测技术,维持血液供应,确保血液安全。尽管献血量增加,但血液短缺仍然存在。通过取消互助献血和鼓励自愿无偿献血的措施,可以进一步提高采血质量和安全性,这需要政府立法的推动。
This study analyzes the regulation of and developments in blood donation in China from 1996 to 2019, and demonstrates the government’s efforts to improve blood safety. Since the implementation of the Blood Donation Law in 1998, the number of blood donors in China increased by 275% from 1998 to 2018 (from 4 million to 15 million). The principle of no-fault liability was proposed and has been applied since 2010 to the tort liability related to blood transfusion malpractice. In 2015, mutual blood donation accounted for 4.2% of the national collection. However, in some provinces of China, the percentage of mutual blood donation increased from 9.3 to 35.6% in 2016. The National Health Commission canceled mutual blood donation in March of 2018. Since 2015, nucleic acid amplification testing has become a routine test item for screening blood. The Chinese government institutionalized the voluntary non-remunerated donation principle, enacted regulations for the management of blood transfusion, and adopted advanced blood testing technology to sustain blood supply and ensure blood safety. Despite increased blood donation, blood shortages persist. The quality and safety of blood collection can be further improved through the cancellation of mutual blood donation and incentive measures for voluntary non-remunerated donation of blood, which needs facilitation by governmental legislation.
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