Activation of the cellular proto-oncogene product p21Ras by addition of a myristylation signal.

Activation of the cellular proto-oncogene product p21Ras by addition of a myristylation signal.
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通过添加肉豆蔻酰化信号激活细胞原癌基因产物 p21Ras。

DOI:
10.1126/science.2648572
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发表时间:
1989
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Der,CJ
Der,CJ
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Buss,JE;Solski,PA;Schaeffer,JP;MacDonald,MJ;Der,CJ

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p21 Ras是由癌基因编码的21-kD蛋白质,其羧基末端的半胱氨酸残基上连接着一个棕榈酸酯。在致癌形式中,将186位的半胱氨酸改变为丝氨酸产生非棕榈酰化的蛋白质,其不能与膜结合并且不转化NIH 3 T3细胞。非棕榈酰化的p21 Ras衍生物的氨基末端含有肉豆蔻酸,以确定是否有不同形式的脂质修饰可以恢复膜缔合或转化活性。以这种方式改变的活化的p21 Ras表现出有效的膜结合和完全的转化活性。令人惊讶的是,肉豆蔻化形式的正常细胞Ras也在转化。这表明Ras必须与膜结合以传递转化信号,但肉豆蔻酸酯或棕榈酸酯可以发挥这一作用。然而,细胞Ras的正常功能被肉豆蔻酸转移到转化,因此通常必须由肉豆蔻酸不模仿的棕榈酸酯的某些独特性质来调节。因此,肉豆蔻酰化代表了一种新的机制,通过这种机制,Ras可以转化。
The 21-kD proteins encoded byrasoncogenes (p21Ras) are modified covalently by a palmitate attached to a cysteine residue near the carboxyl terminus. Changing cysteine at position 186 to serine in oncogenic forms produces a nonpalmitylated protein that fails to associate with membranes and does not transform NIH 3T3 cells. Nonpalmitylated p21Ras derivatives were constructed that contained myristic acid at their amino termini to determine if a different form of lipid modification could restore either membrane association or transforming activity. An activated p21Ras, altered in this way, exhibited both efficient membrane association and full transforming activity. Surprisingly, myristylated forms of normal cellular Ras were also transforming. This demonstrates that Ras must bind to membranes in order to transmit a signal for transformation, but that either myristate or palmitate can perform this role. However, the normal function of cellular Ras is diverted to transformation by myristate and therefore must be regulated ordinarily by some unique property of palmitate that myristate does not mimic. Myristylation thus represents a novel mechanism by which Ras can become transforming.
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