Analysis of the source of aggressiveness in gamecocks

Analysis of the source of aggressiveness in gamecocks
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斗鸡攻击性来源分析

DOI:
10.1038/s41598-020-63961-1
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Kobayashi Hiroyuki
Kobayashi Hiroyuki
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Komiyama Tomoyoshi;Yoshikawa Masanobu;Yokoyama Keiko;Kobayashi Hiroyuki

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尽管斗鸡的战斗行为是由于人工选择而进化的,但尚不清楚攻击性的选择是否会影响鸟类中枢神经系统中的神经递质水平。我们试图确定这一特征的来源和起源。我们从 6 只雌性 Shamo 斗鸡和 5 只 Shaver Brown 鸡(对照;为产蛋而饲养)中​​收集了大脑样本。莎莫斗鸡的中脑去甲肾上腺素(NE)水平显着高于对照组(P= 0.0087)。此外,编码肾上腺素能受体的等位基因在不同品种之间对 NE 的反应也不同。 Shamo特异且可能与战斗行为相关的基因突变位于ADRα1D的T440N位点; ADRα2A的V296I;以及ADRβ2的T44I、Q232R和T277M。进化分析表明,ADRβ2(T44I和Q232R)突变在所有鸡形目中都是可遗传的,而ADRα1D的T440N突变和ADRα2A的V296I突变是莎莫特有的,并且起源于人工选择。高 NE 水平可能会赋予斗鸡具有攻击性和耐痛性的选择性优势。因此,莎莫强大的战斗行为是自然遗传基因和人工选择突变基因结合的结果。
Although the fighting behaviour in gamecocks has evolved because of artificial selection, it is unknown whether the selection for aggressiveness affects neurotransmitter levels in the avian central nervous system. We sought to identify the source and origin of this trait. We collected the brain samples from 6 female Shamo gamecocks and 5 Shaver Brown chickens (control; bred for egg production). The midbrain levels of norepinephrine (NE) were significantly higher in Shamo gamecocks (P= 0.0087) than in the controls. Moreover, alleles encoding adrenergic receptors differed between the breeds in terms of response to NE. Gene mutations specific to Shamo and potentially associated with fighting behaviour were in sites T440N ofADRα1D; V296I ofADRα2A; and T44I, Q232R, and T277M ofADRβ2. The evolutionary analysis indicated that the ADRβ2 (T44I and Q232R) mutations were heritable in all Galliformes, whereas the T440N mutation of ADRα1D and V296I mutations of ADRα2A were unique to Shamo and originated by artificial selection. A high NE level may confer a selective advantage by enabling gamecocks to be aggressive and pain tolerant. Therefore, the strong fighting behaviour of Shamo has resulted from a combination of naturally inherited and mutant genes derived by artificial selection.
去甲肾上腺素能去神经减弱地昔帕明对离体小鼠攻击行为的增强作用
DOI: --
发表时间: 1995
期刊: Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior
影响因子: --
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Kinzo Matsumoto;K. Ojima;H. Watanabe
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雉鸡的雌性选择选择基于生存能力的雄性特征
DOI: --
发表时间: 1989
期刊: Nature
影响因子: 64.8
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发表时间: 2015
期刊: PloS one
影响因子: 3.7
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发表时间: 2002-07-01
影响因子: 3.8
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DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.10.015
发表时间: 2005-12
期刊: Neuroscience
影响因子: 3.3
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通讯作者: C. Thode;J. Bock;K. Braun;M. Darlison