Neuroimmune mechanisms in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.

Neuroimmune mechanisms in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.
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DOI:
10.1002/dneu.22035
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发表时间:
2012-10
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Drew, Paul D.
Drew, Paul D.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kane, Cynthia J. M.;Phelan, Kevin D.;Drew, Paul D.

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胎儿酒精谱系障碍(FASD)是世界范围内的一个主要健康问题,是孕产妇在怀孕期间饮酒造成的。它造成了巨大的个人、社会和经济损失。本文将首先总结FASD的结构、功能和行为变化。然后将描述神经免疫系统的发展,特别强调小胶质细胞在中枢神经系统(CNS)中包括突触传递在内的稳态功能的正常调节中的作用。酒精对中枢神经系统发育中的神经免疫系统的影响将在涉及FASD的神经免疫机制的几个关键免疫分子和信号通路的背景下讨论。这篇综述总结了利用免疫抑制药物靶向酒精诱导病变的早期治疗方法的发展。神经免疫机制在酒精成瘾和病理中的重要作用为未来旨在理解和治疗FASD后果的研究提供了一个重点。
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a major health concern worldwide and results from maternal consumption of alcohol during pregnancy. It produces tremendous individual, social, and economic losses. This review will first summarize the structural, functional and behavior changes seen in FASD. The development of the neuroimmune system will be then be described with particular emphasis on the role of microglial cells in the normal regulation of homeostatic function in the central nervous system (CNS) including synaptic transmission. The impact of alcohol on the neuroimmune system in the developing CNS will be discussed in the context of several key immune molecules and signaling pathways involved in neuroimmune mechanisms that contribute to FASD. This review concludes with a summary of the development of early therapeutic approaches utilizing immunosuppressive drugs to target alcohol-induced pathologies. The significant role played by neuroimmune mechanisms in alcohol addiction and pathology provides a focus for future research aimed at understanding and treating the consequences of FASD.
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