Women, Peace and Security National Action Plans in anti-gender governments: The cases of Brazil and Poland

Women, Peace and Security National Action Plans in anti-gender governments: The cases of Brazil and Poland
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反性别政府中的妇女、和平与安全国家行动计划:巴西和波兰的案例

DOI:
10.1017/eis.2022.21
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Thomson J
Thomson J
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Thomson J

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近年来,巴西和波兰选出的政府对自由国际秩序和性别都持怀疑态度。在这两种情况下,当代政府都加强了宗教和世俗保守势力先前存在的反性别攻势,并将其转化为立法和公共政策。然而,与此同时,两国还围绕联合国妇女、和平与安全议程制定了国家行动计划。为什么会这样呢?为什么两个将性别视为“意识形态”的政府继续致力于 WPS?本文利用女权主义制度主义框架,利用国家行动计划的内容分析以及对巴西和波兰利益相关者的半结构化深入访谈来探讨这个难题。我们认为,WPS 议程之所以能在这些政治背景下幸存下来,是因为该州内存在关键的“女权主义者”。国际机构的影响;以及 WPS 议程赋予这些国家在世界舞台上的象征性力量。因此,这篇文章对 WPS 议程的文献做出了重要贡献,并支持了性别“反弹”概念的复杂性的论点——在国内和国际受众中,各国愿意对性别采取不同的态度,如果这能促进他们的利益。
In recent years, Brazil and Poland have elected governments that are sceptical of both the liberal international order and gender. In both cases, contemporary administrations have bolstered the pre-existing anti-gender offensive of religious and secular conservative forces and converted this into legislation and public policy. Yet, at the same time, both have also created National Action Plans around the UN's Women, Peace and Security agenda. Why is this the case? Why do two governments that see gender as an ‘ideology’ continue to work on WPS? Using a feminist institutionalist framework, this article draws on content analysis of the NAPs and semi-structured in-depth interviews with stakeholders in Brazil and Poland to explore this puzzle. We argue that the WPS agenda has survived in these political contexts due the presence of key ‘femocrats’ within the state; the influence of international institutions; and the symbolic power that the WPS agenda gives to these countries on the world stage. As such, the article makes a key contribution to the literature on the WPS agenda and also bolsters the argument for a complication of the idea of gender ‘backlash’ – in domestic and international audiences, states are willing to adopt different attitudes to gender if it furthers their interests.
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