Effects of optogenetic stimulation of basal forebrain parvalbumin neurons on Alzheimer's disease pathology.

Effects of optogenetic stimulation of basal forebrain parvalbumin neurons on Alzheimer's disease pathology.
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基底前脑小白蛋白神经元的光遗传学刺激对阿尔茨海默病病理学的影响。

DOI:
10.1038/s41598-020-72421-9
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发表时间:
2020-09-22
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Sakata S
Sakata S
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wilson CA;Fouda S;Sakata S

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神经元活动可以改变阿尔茨海默病的病理。在小鼠模型中,神经元的过度兴奋可以促进疾病的进展,而皮质伽马振荡的诱导可以减少淀粉样蛋白负荷并改善认知功能。虽然以前的研究已经通过光遗传学激活皮质小蛋白阳性(PV+)神经元或感觉刺激诱导皮质伽马振荡,但尚不清楚其他诱导伽马振荡的方法是否也有益。本研究表明,基底前脑(BF)中PV+神经元的光遗传激活增加了淀粉样蛋白负担,而不是减少了淀粉样蛋白负担。我们通过在5xFAD小鼠PV+神经元中表达通道视紫红质-2 (ChR2),在BF中施加40 Hz的光刺激。经过3天1小时的皮质伽马振荡诱导后,我们观察到额叶皮质区淀粉样蛋白-β42的浓度增加,但淀粉样蛋白-β40的浓度没有增加。淀粉样斑块在内侧前额叶皮层和间隔核中积聚较多,两者都是BF PV+神经元的靶点。这些结果表明,皮质伽马振荡对阿尔茨海默病病理的有益作用可能取决于皮质伽马振荡的诱导机制。
Neuronal activity can modify Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Overexcitation of neurons can facilitate disease progression whereas the induction of cortical gamma oscillations can reduce amyloid load and improve cognitive functions in mouse models. Although previous studies have induced cortical gamma oscillations by either optogenetic activation of cortical parvalbumin-positive (PV+) neurons or sensory stimuli, it is still unclear whether other approaches to induce gamma oscillations can also be beneficial. Here we show that optogenetic activation of PV+ neurons in the basal forebrain (BF) increases amyloid burden, rather than reducing it. We applied 40 Hz optical stimulation in the BF by expressing channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) in PV+ neurons of 5xFAD mice. After 1-h induction of cortical gamma oscillations over three days, we observed the increase in the concentration of amyloid-β42 in the frontal cortical region, but not amyloid-β40. Amyloid plaques were accumulated more in the medial prefrontal cortex and the septal nuclei, both of which are targets of BF PV+ neurons. These results suggest that beneficial effects of cortical gamma oscillations on Alzheimer’s disease pathology can depend on the induction mechanisms of cortical gamma oscillations.
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