Precise multimodal optical control of neural ensemble activity.

Precise multimodal optical control of neural ensemble activity.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41593-018-0139-8
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发表时间:
2018-06
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Adesnik H
Adesnik H
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mardinly AR;Oldenburg IA;Pégard NC;Sridharan S;Lyall EH;Chesnov K;Brohawn SG;Waller L;Adesnik H

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了解大脑功能需要能够在空间和时间上高保真地控制大量神经元活动的技术。我们开发了一种新的多光子全息方法,以细胞分辨率和亚毫秒精度激活或抑制皮质神经元的活动。由于现有的视蛋白是不够的,我们设计了新的体细胞靶向(ST)光遗传学工具,ST-ChroME和IRES-ST-eGtACR 1,优化了多光子激活和抑制。采用三维全光读/写接口,我们证明了光刺激多达50个神经元的能力,同时分布在一个550 × 550 × 100 μm体积的脑组织的三维空间。这种新方法允许合成和编辑复杂的神经活动模式,以深入了解神经代码的原理。
Understanding brain function requires technologies that can control the activity of large populations of neurons with high fidelity in space and time. We developed a new multiphoton holographic approach to activate or suppress the activity of ensembles of cortical neurons with cellular resolution and sub-millisecond precision. Since existing opsins were inadequate, we engineered new soma-targeted (ST) optogenetic tools, ST-ChroME and IRES-ST-eGtACR1, optimized for multiphoton activation and suppression. Employing a three-dimensional all-optical read/write interface, we demonstrate the ability to photo-stimulate up to 50 neurons simultaneously distributed in three dimensions in a 550 × 550 × 100 μm volume of brain tissue. This new approach allows the synthesis and editing of complex neural activity patterns needed to gain insight into the principles of neural codes.
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