Gamma oscillations as a biomarker for major depression: an emerging topic.
Gamma oscillations as a biomarker for major depression: an emerging topic.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41398-018-0239-y
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发表时间：
2018-09-04
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Watson BO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fitzgerald PJ;Watson BO
识别重度抑郁症的生物标志物对于改善这种常见且使人衰弱的神经精神疾病的诊断和治疗非常重要，因为该领域正在寻求个性化和更有效的治疗。在这里，我们重点关注脑电图 (EEG) 或直接头皮电压记录作为此类生物标志物，重点关注伽马和高伽马振荡（或“节律”）。在过去的几十年里，α 和 θ 波段节律被发现可以提供有关抑郁状态和恢复的信息，但伽马波段在抑郁方面的特征还不太清楚。我们总结了关于伽玛节律（尤其是其振幅）作为重度抑郁症的生物标志物或内表型的一些关键发现。这些研究表明：（1）在某些条件下，伽马节律可以区分重度抑郁症患者和健康对照者，（2）伽马节律可以区分双相情感障碍和单相抑郁症，（3）对抗抑郁症的各种药物和非药物治疗也会改变伽马节律，（4）抑郁样行为的动物模型显示伽马节律异常，伽马节律的变化与治疗恢复相关。未来信息最丰富的方法可能会结合整个大脑的伽马带功率分布来评估跨区域的活动比率。总的来说，我们有充分的证据表明伽马节律可以提供有关重度抑郁症状态的客观信息，但我们需要进一步的工作来更好地确定要遵循的精确措施。
Identifying biomarkers for major depression is of high importance for improving diagnosis and treatment of this common and debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder, as the field seeks to move toward both personalized and more effective treatments. Here we focus on electroencephalography (EEG) or direct scalp voltage recordings as such a biomarker, with an emphasis on gamma and high gamma oscillations (or “rhythms”). In the last several decades, alpha and theta band rhythms have been found to provide information on depressive state as well as recovery, but the gamma band is less well characterized with respect to depression. We summarize some key findings on gamma rhythms (especially their amplitude) as a biomarker or endophenotype for major depression. These studies suggest: (1) under certain conditions gamma rhythms can distinguish subjects with major depression from healthy controls, (2) gamma may distinguish bipolar disorder from unipolar depression, (3) various pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments that counteract depression also alter gamma, (4) animal models of depression-like behavior show gamma abnormalities, with changes in gamma associated with therapeutic recovery. The most informative approaches in the future may combine profiles of gamma band power across the brain to assess ratios of activity across regions. Overall we have good evidence to suggest that gamma rhythms may provide objective information on major depressive disease status, but we will need further work to better define the precise measures to follow.
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