Neuroscience-informed psychoeducation for addiction medicine: A neurocognitive perspective.
Neuroscience-informed psychoeducation for addiction medicine: A neurocognitive perspective.
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基于神经科学的成瘾医学心理教育：神经认知视角。
DOI：
10.1016/bs.pbr.2017.08.013
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Paulus MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ekhtiari H;Rezapour T;Aupperle RL;Paulus MP
心理教育（PE）被定义为对疾病及其治疗进行系统的，结构化的和教学式的知识转移的干预，整合情感和动机方面，使患者能够科普疾病并提高其治疗依从性和疗效。PE被认为是医学和精神疾病治疗的重要组成部分，特别是与缺乏洞察力相关的精神健康疾病，如酒精和物质使用障碍（ASUD）。神经科学的新进展揭示了ASUDs的各个方面如何与神经过程相关。然而，神经科学在成瘾医学的实际临床实践中的实际影响微乎其微。在这一章中，我们提供了一个角度来看，如何在成瘾医学PE可以告知神经科学在两个方面：内容（知识，我们在PE转移）和结构（方法，我们用来提供PE）。常规体育的内容包括疾病的病因学、治疗过程、处方药物的不良反应、应对策略、家庭教育和生活技能训练等知识。将神经科学证据添加到PE的内容中不仅有助于传达药物使用的影响，还有助于传达各种治疗的有益影响（即，对大脑功能的影响），从而增强依从性的动机，并进一步消除其症状。PE也可以通过内隐和外显地参与不同的神经认知过程来优化其“结构”，包括显着性/注意力，记忆和自我意识。这两个维度，结构和内容，在提供神经科学知情的心理教育（NIPE）之间有许多相互作用。我们探索这些互动的发展基于卡通的NIPE，以促进成瘾治疗过程中的大脑恢复作为成瘾恢复倡议的大脑意识的一部分。
Psychoeducation (PE) is defined as an intervention with systematic, structured, and didactic knowledge transfer for an illness and its treatment, integrating emotional and motivational aspects to enable patients to cope with the illness and to improve its treatment adherence and efficacy. PE is considered an important component of treatment in both medical and psychiatric disorders, especially for mental health disorders associated with lack of insight, such as alcohol and substance use disorders (ASUDs). New advancements in neuroscience have shed light on how various aspects of ASUDs may relate to neural processes. However, the actual impact of neuroscience in the real-life clinical practice of addiction medicine is minimal. In this chapter, we provide a perspective on how PE in addiction medicine can be informed by neuroscience in two dimensions: content (knowledge we transfer in PE) and structure (methods we use to deliver PE). The content of conventional PE targets knowledge about etiology of illness, treatment process, adverse effects of prescribed medications, coping strategies, family education, and life skill training. Adding neuroscience evidence to the content of PE could be helpful in communicating not only the impact of drug use but also the beneficial impact of various treatments (i.e., on brain function), thus enhancing motivation for compliance and further destigmatizing their symptoms. PE can also be optimized in its “structure” by implicitly and explicitly engaging different neurocognitive processes, including salience/attention, memory, and self-awareness. There are many interactions between these two dimensions, structure and content, in the delivery of neuroscience-informed psychoeducation (NIPE). We explore these interactions in the development of a cartoon-based NIPE to promote brain recovery during addiction treatment as a part of the brain awareness for addiction recovery initiative.
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